THE PILGRIMS
OF THE UNITED STATES
SPEECHES AT A DINNER
IN HONOR OF
THE RIGHT HONORABLE
ROBERT GORDON MENZIES, M. P.
Prime Minister of Australia
THE WALDORF-ASTORIA
SATURDAY, FIFTH, MARCH
NINETEEN FIFTY-FIVE
OFFICERS OF
The Pilgrims of the United States
Honorary President
DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER
President
JOHN W. DAVIS, G. B. E.
Vice-Presidents
MYRON C. TAYLOR
FREDERIC R. COUDERT
LEWIS W. DOUGLAS
WALTER S. GIFFORD, M. M.
Hon. Secretary
EDWARD K. WARREN, O. St. J.
Hon. Treasurer
C. G. MICHALIS
Executive Committee
HUGH BULLOCK, Chairman
WINTHrop W. ALDICH, G. B. E. GRAYSON KIRK
FENWICK BEEKMAN LANDON P. MARVIN
LINDSAY BRADFORD WALTER S. MARVIN
ELmHU C. CHURCH C. G. MICHALIS
PERPONT V. DAVIS WILLIA D. MrrCHELL
HORACE W. B. DONEGAN DOUGLAS M. MOFFAT
THOMAS K. FINLET mr IRVING S. OLDS, C. B. E.
WILLIAM F. HALSEY, F. B. A. RUNDALL, O. B. E.
K. B. E. WILLIAM SHIELDS
JoNm G. JACKSON JOHN MORTIMER SCHmI
HARRY E. WARD
Dinner Committee
WILLIAM SHIELDS, Chairman
FENWICK BEEKMAN C. G. MIcaALIs
LINDSAY BRADFORD C. B. ORMEROD, C. B. E.
EDWARD LAROCQUE TINKER
Contents PAGE
OPENING REMARKS BY HUGH BULLOCK, CHAIRMAN
OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 3
ADDRESS BY THE HONORABLE THOMAS E. DEWEY 6
ADDRESS BY THE HONORABLE SINCLAIR WEEKS 14
ADDRESS BY THE RIGHT HONORABLE ROBERT G.
M ENZIES, M 22
SEATING LIST 37
The Pilgrims
A Dinner to honor The Right Honorable Robert G.
vfenzies, Prime Minister of Australia, was given by The Pil-
, rims of the United States on Saturday evening, March
955, at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New York, Mr. Hugh
3ullock, Chairman of the Executive Committee of The Pil-
' rims of the United States, presiding. The Right Reverend
he Bishop of New York gave the invocation.
CHAIRMAN BULLOCK: Ladies and Gentlemen, will you
ise and drink with me The Pilgrims' loyal toast: To Her
dfajesty The Queen!
( The audience stood and toasted the health of Her
dajesty the Queen, while the orchestra played the British
Jational Anthem.)
PRIME MINISTER MENZIES: Sir, To The President!
( The audience toasted the health of The President of
he United States, while the orchestra played the American
' ational Anthem.)
CHAIRMAN BULLOCK: Mr. Prime Minister, Your Ex-
! llencies, Mr. Secretary, Governor Dewey, Very Distinguished
; uests and Fellow Pilgrims:
For over half a century The Pilgrims Society has provided
ie most distinguished platform from which a speaker could
iscuss matters of common interest to citizens of the United
Page 3
States and citizens of the British Commonwealth of Nations.
While most of our guests of honor have come from the
United Kingdom, nevertheless, over the years, we have been
privileged to entertain prime ministers of Canada, New
Zealand and, on two previous occasions, prime ministers of
Australia. This evening, once again, we have as our honored guest
another Prime Minister of Australia. I am just as disappointed
as you are that our President, Mr. Davis, is not here to welcome
him. No one could do so with equal eloquence. I only hope
that our loss is Mr. Davis' gain and that he is benefitting
from a warm South Carolina sun-although an Australian
sun is more reliable this particular time of year. Not that
I have ever been privileged to be in Australia, but there will
succeed me shortly at this rostrum three gentlemen who have.
But first I want to read to you two messages. The first
is from our sister society in Great Britain:
" THE PILGRIMS OF THE UNITED STATES:
" The Pilgrims of Great Britain join with The Pilgrims
of the United States in the welcome you extend tonight
to one of the most distinguished citizens of the Commonwealth
who has just been visitifig these shores. Mr.
Menzies with his wide knowledge of world affairs and
his gift of expression is a welcome guest at every feast,
and we will think of you and him on this happy Saturday
evening. " HALIFAX CAMPBELL STUART
President Chairman
[ Applause
I have a second message that I hope you will listen to
carefully. It reads:
Page 4
" Dear Mr. Bullock:
" Please extend my greetings to the Right Honorable
Robert G. Menzies and to those who honor him at the
March fifth dinner given by the Pilgrims of the United
States. " In two World Wars Australia contributed valiantly to
the Allied cause. And recent years have given continuing
demonstrations of the interest and effort which our two
nations share in the preservation of freedom and security.
I need only cite our mutual support of the United Nations
in its efforts to repel aggression, our participation in the
Colombo Plan, and our common membership in the
ANZUS Treaty and the Manila Pact.
" I trust the visit of Prime Minister Menzies will reenforce
the close and friendly relationship which exists
between our two countries.
" To all of you I send best wishes for a most enjoyable
meeting." That message comes from the Honorary President of
The Pilgrims of the United States. The signature is " Dwight
D. Eisenhower". [ Applause)
Across the pages of history of every city and state and
nation there comes, none too often, a brave and able crusading
spirit whose touchstone is integrity and whose aim is dear
for all to see-good government.
And even before his election as District Attorney of New
York County in 1937 at the age of 35, and certainly after his
elevation to Chief Executive of the greatest state of our Union,
integrity and good government have been synonymous with the
name of Thomas E. Dewey. [ Applause] During his three
terms as Governor he has given New York State a splendid
administration. Page
Governor Dewey admires our guest of honor as much as
I do. I have heard him evaluate Mr. Menzies in the highest
terms as an administrator and statesman. Before this eminent
Australian addresses us, however, it is my privilege to present
to you an American administrator, an American statesman,
who has made our city, our state, our country a better place
to live in: The Honorable Thomas E. Dewey. [ The audience
rose and applauded.)
THE HONORABLE THOMAS E. DEWEY: Mr. Chairman, Mr.
Prime Minister, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen:
" It is a little over five years ago that Mrs. Dewey and I were in
Berlin, and I was somewhat surprised that the Mayor of Berlin
had made a rather insistent request that I visit City Hall. We
were not in Berlin for political purposes, nor were we there for
the purpose of visiting City Hall. But the Army, which was in
charge, " suggested" that we go, so, of course, I said, " Wherever
I am, I do as I am told," and we went. [ Laughter]
The Mayor, as you will remember, was Ernst Reuter,
who was one of the extraordinary people of our time. He
was imprisoned because he was a Communist, allegedly, and
he was imprisoned because he was not a Communist. He
was one of Hitler's victims who escaped from a concentration
camp to Britain where an honest man with a free conscience
has always been able to find asylum. Then he went to Turkey.
He learned the language, and for six years taught economics
in Turkish. After the war, he returned to Berlin, and, in due
course, he became the first elected Mayor of West Berlin. He
was one of the great souls of our time, and his recent death
was one of the tragedies of our time, at the age of
Having got to the City Hall, we sat down with the other
six members of the City Government. Mayor Reuter said,
Page 6
" Governor, I suppose you are a little curious as to why I
urged you to come to City H-all."
I said, " Well, Mr. Mayor, I was interested in the reason."
He said, " Did you see the three thousand people who
were on the steps of City Hall as you came in?"
I said, " Yes."
He said, " Do you know why they were there?"
I said, " No, Mr. Mayor. I don't and I was interested."
He said, " Do you realize that you are the only man they
have even seen who ran for the highest office of his land, was
defeated, and survived? [ Laughter] You are the most important
object lesson to the people of Germany that I ever
saw." [ Laughter)
I have cherished that lesson and I'm grateful for it, I
might say. It is comforting to live in a country where you
can disagree with 51 per cent of the people and still be
allowed peaceably to practice your profession. [ Laughter)
It is nicer to have 5 1, but sometimes you have to settle for 49.
[ Laughter] I remember back in the days when there was less, shall
I say, intense personal partisanship at the Executive Mansion
in Albany, when Al Smith was Governor. Al Smith was a
Democrat, but he had retained a Republican as Conservation
Commissioner. A member of the Assembly said to him at a
reception one night, " Governor, I am interested in the fact that
you have kept on all this time a Republican Commissioner of
Conservation." Governor Smith responded, " Well, I will tell you about it,
Pete. He is a nice guy and he is a good Conservation Commissioner.
I told him that I had a collection of monkeys in
the zoo back of the house and so long as he kept those monkeys
in good health he could be Conservation Commissioner, and
Page 7
they are the healthiest monkeys in America." [ Laughter
It must have been nice to have lived in the days when
partisanship didn't exceed good taste. Maybe those times
will come back again. I do not know any particular portion of
the world where that pleasant and nostalgic condition prevails,
but it may still be said that there are portions of the world,
and particularly of the English-speaking world, where, when
all the chips are down, there is no voice of authority who fails
to put the welfare of his country and the peace of the world
ahead of partisanship or the interest of his particular political
party. I am at a peculiar disadvantage tonight. For a great many
years I have been Governor of New York, for so long that
the memory of man runneth not to the contrary. [ Laughter
The difficulty is that you fall into slovenly habits if you are
Governor of New York, perhaps even if you are a prime
minister-I wouldn't know; I never have been one. The
difficulty is that you get so that you come to dinners with an
idea or two, but your real purpose is to scavenge on the people
who speak before you, and so long as you are Governor, you
have a right to speak last. [ Laughter] Now that I have
voluntarily surrendered that exclusive privilege, I am no
longer a successful scavenger. [ Laughter I leave that to my
betters on my left and on my right.
There are too few of us who have had the privilege of
visiting the great nation whose Chief Executive Officer we
honor tonight. I was horrified to find three and a half years
ago when I visited Australia that no prime minister of Britain,
no king or queen had even been there, no president or vice
president of the United States-maybe some cabinet officer,
but nobody remembered it. And there is a land mass larger
than the United States of America. There is a nation with
Page 8
the vigor that can only come from the peculiar liberties enjoyed
by English-speaking people, and a variety of climate
extending from the north, which is tropical, to the south, which
compares with the northern part of the United States, where
in March it is delightfully warm, I am told, and where in
August, as it was when I was there, it can be fairly cold and
miserable, just as it is here in New York right now. The
central heating is not in accordance with our standards but
I venture to say that it produces a much healthier people. I
found very little central heating, but I didn't find very many
people complaining about it. Moreover, they didn't seem to
bother about whether the temperature was 65 or 72 degrees,
as we do, and I heard nobody complain about it except the
newspaper men who were traveling along with me-and me.
[ Laughter) I did have to dig out my winter underwear that
I had shipped out, and I felt a little bit like a weakling
because my Australian friends weren't wearing any. I thought
perhaps they were producing a sturdier race. We had better
look to our laurels.
I spent some time, I have forgotten quite how long, at
a sheep station-in American that is a sheep " ranch," but in
Australia it is a " station." It was the largest sheep station in
Australia, and it is called Boonoke. They have produced the
finest line of Merino sheep in Australia. If you don't think
that is important, you ought to live in Australia and you would
find out how important it is. I was cold from the minute I
got there until the time I left, but I learned more about sheep
shearing, how magnificently sheep shearers can work, and what
an important thing it is to produce a fine line of sheep with
the right kind of wool, than I had in my preceding 49 years of
existence. Page 9
There are some remarkable differences as well as similarities
between Australia and this country. They have now and
have had for some years a shortage of manpower. As a result,
you don't have to stay at your job if you don't like it. You
can walk down one block and get a different one. The result
is that in one shop which employs 500 people they had 2,000
people employed in that year, never more than 500 at a time.
This must be wonderful for the people who work in it and
terrible for the boss.
They have a tax system which is not unrelated to ours,
and no more attractive than ours. They have a system of
treating their guests which is rather different from ours, too.
When I was there, the Prime Minister then and now, out of the
generosity of his heart, made available an airplane which the
government provided. In fact, in addition to that, there was
a brilliant and charming young man named Arthur Allen who
can eat orange juice, steak, potatoes and pie for breakfast, and
I know very few Americans outside of Boston who can do that.
When I got there, I found that my clothing had been lying in
the airplane office for five weeks, and looked like it. My
secretary, Paul Lockwood's clothes had been there the same
length of time. He is 6 feet 4 and weighs 240 pounds. His
looked even worse than mine. Allen apologetically said, "~ I
am so sorry that I did not bring my iron. When we get to
Canberra I will take care of it."
They really produce some remarkable civil servants in
Australia. I never saw one in this country who would say that.
Well, anyway, in the time I was there, I had this delight.
ful schedule: it simply called for visiting a large number of
Australian cities, each of which is more charming than its
predecessor, and we were always the guests of the Prime
Minister. So that, unlike this country, I suspect that unless
Page
he has a unique and special privilege, the State Department
has assigned somebody to accompany him, and, beyond that,
he is on his own, he has no military aide, no political aide,
no presidential secretary, no cars, chauffeurs, no airplanes.
I enjoyed the hospitality of the Australian Government
for the entire time, and the only counterbalancing factor was
that each place I went, from Deniliquin, population 1,500,
to Sydney, I found a radio in front of my face, a wonderfully
cordial welcome, speeches of welcome, and I, who had gone
on this trip never expecting to make but two speeches, made,
think to my embarrassment, four speeches a day minimum the
entire time I was in Australia, and every one of them on the
nationally owned radio service. If the people of Australia
ever hear of me again, I am sure they will throw me out, but
it was all beyond my control.
When the Prime Minister of Australia comes to this
country, he receives the usual inadequate American welcome,
but he doesn't have a radio and television set thrust before him
every day. [ Laughter and applause]
I am sure that all of you would be delighted if the Prime
Minister were in a position to throw away the thoughts that
he has gathered and tell you more about this fabulous land,
larger than the United States, with a population of about 9
million, a great continent lying with the shadow of a long
island above it, held in divided and disputed authority. From
that island, the Japanese attack on Australia was in a position
to be launched but was frustrated, partly because almost a
million American troops went to Australia.
One of the extroardinary events of modern history was
that invasion of almost a million young men from a nation as
far away from home as they could be ( you can't get any further
away from New York than Australia). There they were,
Page 11
lonesome and on the loose, full of vigor, many of them partially
trained, dumped on Brisbane and the surrounding area.
And the incredible thing is that the people of Brisbane and
Australia were able to open not only their homes, their purses,
but their hearts, and they took in this almost a million Americans,
so that as a result there was not only a minimum of that
dreadful friction which occurs when a community is inundated
by the youth of a strange nation in uniform to fight a war,
but there has been erected a monument to the Americans who
came. I suggest, ladies and gentlemen, that the monument
should have been to the people who welcomed them with
all their hearts and souls and made them feel at home.
[ Applause] It may be true that they saved Australia. It may be true
that the vast naval engagements destroyed the power of the
attacking force, but this was one of the most memorable of
all invasions, which resulted in a grand total of good will
which will last for a century.
It is good to know that there are such wonderful people
as far away from this country as they can be, with the kind
of leadership that every American admires, with the kind of
purpose that we admire. It is especially valuable that in these
difficult times where there is the sharpest disagreement as to
policy, not only among the English-speaking peoples but
among others, as to the degrees and gradations of our defense
of existing free areas, that we have not only stout friendship
but also the brilliant intellectual companionship of the people
of Australia, and I should also add of New Zealand and
Malaya and Singapore, who are their near neighbors, in dealing
with the most delicate and explosive problems of the free
world at this moment. They are the finest of allies that the
free world has ever known. I should like to say to you to-
Page 12
night that of all the leaders of the free world whom I have
known over the last 20 years, and I have known practically
all of them, none has ever stood higher, and there is none
today with more powerful intellectual capacity, a purer flame
of patriotism, a more brilliant capacity to serve the cause of
human freedom, than the gentleman we have the honor to be
with tonight. [ Applause)
CHAIRMAN BULLOCK: About a month ago Governor
Dewey and I were at a small luncheon together, and he talked
somewhat along these lines about Australia and about our
guest of honor. I said, " Governor, you are elected." When he
looked a bit puzzled, I said, " I urge you to speak at The Pilgrims
dinner which we are giving early in March in honor
of Prime Miftister Menzies." And, Governor, whether you
speak first or last, you speak superbly, as always! [ Applause]
Earlier this century a President of the United States wrote
a book entitled " Have Faith in Massachusetts." This country
does have faith because of the kind of men Massachusetts
produces three Presidents, a host of Cabinet members, a
legion of fine public servants.
You know I am sure that Weeks is an honored name in
Massachusetts. Secretary Weeks' father before him was United
States Representative, United States Senator, and a member of
two Presidential Cabinets. Secretary Weeks himself typifies
the best of Massachusetts traditions. He was Harvard, 1914
it couldn't have been any other college, could it? ( Laughter)
He is an Overseer today. In World War I he commanded a
Battery attached to the Rainbow Division and saw his full
share of action. His son commanded the same Battery in
World War II. Page 13
He has been banker as well as manufacturer, with many
years of public service. He has been United States Senator
from Massachusetts. He worked diligently to put a great President
in the White House. And since January, 1953, he has
been our very able Secretary of Commerce.
I present to you a Massachusetts man and an outstanding
American public servant: The Honorable Sinclair Weeks.
[ The audience rose and applauded.]
SECRETARY WEEKS: Mr. Chairman, Mr. Prime Minister,
your Excellencies, Governor Dewey and Pilgrim guests; I am
very happy to be with you this evening. I appreciate very
much the friendly introduction I have received. When they lay
it on quite as thick as that, I think of a dear old lady from my
part of the country in New England who passed away and on
her tombstone she was one of the great characters of her
small community she had done every good work and been
a wonderful citizen on her tombstone they put this epitaph,
" She averaged well for these parts." [ Laughter] Mr. Chairman,
that is all I ever hope to do to average well for what
I may say is the best part of the United States, New England.
I may also correct you, Mr. Chairman. I hesitate to do
this because I would hardly want to be ungrateful for your
reference, but I cannot have myself allied with the Rainbow
Division. My division was the best division, the Twenty-Sixth
Division. [ Laughter]
It is indeed a pleasure to join with you in welcoming your
distinguished guest, the Right Honorable Robert Gordon
Menzies, the Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Australia.
I am glad to have the opportunity of talking to the
Pilgrims. Your Society, which for over fifty years has been
Page 14
strengthening the bonds between the United Kingdom and the
United States, together with your sister organization in the
British Isles, have fostered a better appreciation on both sides
of the Atlantic of our common heritage, in such fundamentals
as language, literature, law and government, and have facilitated
a two-way exchange of ideas and cultural achievement
which has brought a better understanding between the two
oldest English-speaking peoples of the community of nations.
With better understanding has come unity of purpose,
strengthening our common devotion to freedom and our determination
to help each other preserve it. So I congratulate you,
The Pilgrims of the United States and of Great Britain on this
great achievement.
It seems to all of us highly appropriate that from time to
time you welcome the representatives of the other Englishspeaking
nations, and when such a representative is from the
Commonwealth of Australia, which in war and peace has made
contributions to international freedom and progress out of all
proportion to its population and wealth, we do honor to ourselves
as we honor him. [ Applause]
I think it is rather interesting that the two who have
been asked to talk to you this evening with the Prime Minister
have both had some experience with Australia. My first
experience was in 1917 when I had a good look at the soldiers
of Australia and New Zealand, and I can say to you without
any throwing off on the soldiers of our own or any other
nation, that we all thought that the men of the Australian and
New Zealand Army Corps were about as fine fighting men as
there were on the Western Front. [ Applause]
Somewhat later, the business with which I was associated
in my previous existence till 1953, set up a subsidiary in
Australia, in Adelaide, and it has been very successful, if I
Page
may say so apologetically. I won't mention names, so there
will be no danger of a plug here, but between ' 29 and the
opening of the second World War, we multiplied the business
four times as far as volume of sales, and since that date, in
' 39, we have multiplied it ten times, and it is going along all
right. We like it. I say " we" -you understand I have disassociated
myself from the business. We like it, and we think
it is the kind of an operation at least we hope it is the kind
of an operation that our friends in Australia like.
I went out there some time before the second World
War. Tom has stolen some of my thunder as far as Australia
is concerned. I could talk on it for hours. I went out on a
ship they didn't fly in those days, and I read everything in
the world I could about Australia and, ladies and gentlemen,
the next trip you take, go to Australia. It is a great
country. You see things there that other places in the world
you only see in fossil form. I am speaking of the vegetable
life. [ Laughter] The animals and I'll see how many of you
can follow me now the animals are all marsupials. Is that
correct, Mr. Prime Minister? But a little more seriously, go
out there and if you don't do anything else go and see the
koala bear and if you want to see the worst part of Australia
go to one of those sheep stations that Tom was talking about,
and experience Australian flies.
The tea is marvellous. Seven times a day I had it. I
cannot say as much for the coffee. At least I could not in those
days. I guess it is a lot better now.
Australia is a country that always steps up and meets its
responsibilities. It is doing so again today. It has realized
the danger to the free world of Communist aggression in Asia,
and is doing something about it. The recent meeting at Bangkok
of the Council of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
Page 16
reminds us of our joint interest in the Far East. There the
Foreign Ministers of Australia and the United Kingdom and
the United States, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Philippines,
Thailand, a representative of France, have just forged dcloser the
ties of defense. In particular they recognize the insidious
threat of Communist subversion and infiltration to the peace
and security of the area, and henceforth we think that the eight
governments will carry on continuing consultations and mutual
assistance, each drawing upon the experience of the others in
dealing with this danger.
No less important in preserving the integrity and authority
of the freely constituted governments of Southeast Asia are
their economic strength and the social well-being of their
citizens. At Bangkok the member states inaugurated steps to
increase economic cooperation and to promote economic
progress. Of course, the Bangkok meeting is merely the latest
of many successful steps free governments have taken in the
past few years to deter aggression and preserve peace. I need
not recite for this audience the long list of accomplishments
in mutual help and firm solidarity. You and I know that today
free nations are collectively stronger than at any time in recent
years, and perhaps we may pray that this be so, that the utter
futility of modern warfare may become more evident as time
goes on. But in any event, whatever happens, the United
States and Australia not only will but must continue to stand
shoulder to shoulder. [ Applause]
With respect to business relations, and this is my particular
field, of course, the relations that we have in this
country with Australia have been excellent. 475 business establishments
in the United States have placed their investments in
Australia in the form of companies that they have established
there, and they find a ready welcome on the mat. Companies Page 17
that you know all about the Standard of New Jersey, Ford,
Chrysler, General Motors, Goodyear, General Electric, Swift-
I could go on indefinitely our investments in Australia have
just doubled in total dollar value in the last four years. In
connection with the investment of American capital in Australia,
it is interesting to me to recall the words of Acting
Prime Minister Sir Arthur Fadden at the opening of the new
Philip Morris plant in Melbourne in January this year when
he referred to Australia's policy of welcoming foreign capital
from abroad in these words, " The policy of the present Commonwealth
Government is therefore to welcome overseas capital
to Australia, particularly if it is intended for permanent
investments, and if it is likely to contribute to the desirable
development of Australian resources." And I say our experience
in 25 years has demonstrated that all of that is true, in
trade back and forth. We are accustomed up there to think
of wool as one of the leading exports to this country, and we
need it and use it in our woolen and worsted industry. But
many people do not realize what a change has come of recent
years. Back in ' 37, when I went to Australia, 2 per cent of
our imports from that country were in metals and minerals,
and today they are 33 per cent of what we take from Australia,
and we think that our trade with Australia can be and will be
increased in both directions, and we hope that that is what
will happen. They are the economic counterpart of that mutual cooperation
between the English-speaking peoples of the world
which your organization has fostered so successfully over these
many years.
The importance of this common interest cannot be overstressed.
With it goes the interchange of not only goods but
of our people and our cultures, and what better way on earth
Page 18
is there to develop friendship and peace between the nations
for the common good of all.
Personally, I think that there is a bright economic future
in store for Australia and the United States if we do some
things which will promote economic growth. And here I want
to make a point. Because of some conversations that have
been indulged in recently, there are many steps we can take
to attain prosperity, and what I say here applies to Australia
as it does to this country.
One of them is to encourage the advancement of technology.
The industrial revolution's machinery released man
from muscular slavery and is supplying him with a wealth of
new goods and new jobs. Today is the dawning age of truly
automatic machines, which we describe by a new word " automation."
Automation is providing man with mechanical senses
of feeling and hearing and sight, in some cases even with
electronic brains. The result of this fresh surge in productivity
must be a higher standard of living for everyone. Yet, my
friends, there are some Doubting Thomases that have arisen
in both countries who seem afraid to take a full advantage of
the new technology with its self-regulating machinery, its automatic
memories and other labor-saving innovations.
Some apprehension stems from a lack of knowledge, some
from misleading propaganda.
Recently a new rash of opposition to and fear of new
technological progress has been voiced in some circles in this
country, and some unscrupulous demagogues and economic
illiterates are trying to scare people into the belief that this
automation is a vicious frankenstein devouring their jobs. I
am certain that this is the most stupid and the most cruel misguidance
that can be given to the free workers of the free
world. Page 19
Such a dread of progress, however, is not new in history.
Years ago a mob invaded Hargreaves' home and smashed his
spinning jennies. Quill penmen rose in anger against the
introduction of the printing press. Paris workers rioted against
the sewing machine. English hand knitters used sledgehammers
to smash Cartwright's power loom. Supposing these
people had been able to stop progress. Millions of new jobs
would never have been created. Untold numbers of new products
would never have been manufactured for the pleasure and
well-being of mankind.
Karl Marx, whose false doctrines have brought limitless
misery to his dupes, bitterly condemned the machine as the
soul of capitalist exploitation.
Now, let us not permit those doctrines to prevail. It is
my job as Secretary of Commerce to study the economy and
to determine what is happening in this field, and the jobs
that have been increased over the years have been something
beyond belief.
I will just give you one example. In the automobile
field, where some scaremongers at the moment are attempting
in particular to frighten workers with the bogey man of automation,
the record shows that the industry, a pacemaker in
technological advancement, employed a million workers in
1953 as against just half that number in 1939.
The late Philip Murray, the American labor leader, said,
when president of the CIO, " I do not know of a single solitary
instance where a great technological gain has taken place in
the United States of America that it has ultimately thrown
people out of work. I do not know of it. I am not aware of
it, because the industrial revolution that has taken place in the
United States in the past 25 years has brought into the employment
field an additional 20 million people."
Page
Automation is the modern term for what is known as
labor-saving machinery, but it is labor-saving not from the
standpoint of throwing people out of jobs but from the
standpoint of taking the backbreaking work off of the backs
of the people of the world.
Now, I would like in conclusion to reaffirm my trust in
the partnership of Australia and the United States. We have
in common a colonial background from which have grown
two proud, great nations, united by fond memories and ties of
warm friendship amongst ourselves and the United Kingdom,
and nothing can ever sever that bond. We cherish similar
ideals and spiritual values, and twice as allies we have mingled
the blood of our sons in battle. Our mutual desire is only
for good will among the peoples of the earth, but in any grave
emergency, in the Pacific or elsewhere, the United States and
Australia not only will but must stand resolutely side by side,
and we shall not shrink in fear from encouraging further
industrialization and technological progress, because we know
that on the expanding economic strength of the free world is
based mankind's best assurance of freedom and the deepest
hope of a just and a lasting peace. Thank you.
[ Applause]
CHAIRMAN BULLOCK: Thank you, Mr. Secretary. I am
sure you will agree with this: automation can perform material
miracles, but it never can produce the greatest miracle of all
a leader of men.
And that brings us to our guest of honor, from a continent
in the South Pacific as Governor Dewey said, a land
mass larger than the United States -from a British cornmunity
whose Queen is the same as England's Queen, from a
Pacific power to which Asia is not the Far East but the Near
Page 21
North, from our gallant ally in two world wars and in Korea,
our partner in the ANZUS Treaty and the Manila Pact, that
sunny, friendly, admirable nation whose inspirational national
motto is " Advance Australia"! [ Applause]
And Australia's first citizen is a sterling product of his
stalwart country. Born in Victoria, with degrees from Grenville
and Wesley Colleges and Melbourne University, a brilliant
scholar, a barrister at law, called to the High Court of
Australia in 1918, made a King's Counsel in 1929, a Privy
Counsellor in 1937, he holds a host of Honorary Degrees. He
has the Freedom of the City of Edinburgh, the City of Oxford,
the City of London. He has addressed both our Houses of
Congress. He has been awarded our Legion of Merit. He
was made a Companion of Honor in 1951.
From the time he entered public life in 1928, he has
had a remarkably distinguished career. He has held the same
legislative seat since 1934. He was Attorney General from
' 34 to ' 39, Prime Minister from ' 39 to ' 41, and, from 1949
on, Prime Minister again. I ask you to rise and drink to the
health of the man who has been Prime Minister of Australia
longer than any other man in Australia's history, one of the
most eloquent speakers you will ever hear, one of the ablest
statesmen in the world today, a very great Australian: The
Right Honorable Robert G. Menzies.
To the Prime Minister of Australia!
[ The audience rose, applauded, and drank the health of
the Prime Minister of Australia.]
THE RIGHT HONORABLE ROBERT GORDON MENZIES:
Sir, the only undenied remark you made was at the very end
when you said that I was an eloquent speaker. And having
said that, you introduced me to a rostrum which so far as I
Page 22
can see represents the new technological age about which
Secretary Weeks spoke. How can I make a speech to you
when there is a red light in front of me which says, " Time,"
and another one saying--in which there is no light at all,
and another formidable looking gadget which says, " Set for
length of speech," [ Laughter] and another one which, so far
as I can tell, merely tells you what day of the week it is.
[ Laughter] And then something down here where you might
lean in the middle of a speech, not realizing that you might
press the button marked, " Raise", or the button marked
" Lower," or a much more mysterious button marked " Angle."
[ Laughter] I think I ought to begin by saying to you that I am not
an " Angle." I lost my angles long since. [ Laughter] Nor am
I a Saxon. In fact, I am pure Celt, born in Australia. Now,
Sir, I have listened with all proper embarrassment to the speech
made by you, to the speech made by my young friend, who
is still an old friend, Thomas Dewey, who has a curious sense
of humor about me, and, of course, to the speech made by
the Secretary from the highbrow state of the United States.
[ Laughter] If I had to rely on all these things I confess that I would
stand up, shut up, and sit down. [ Laughter] But two delightful
things happened when I came here tonight. One was that
the orchestra played " Waltzing Matilda," which is unquestionably
Australia's national song, with a nice lilt in it, and
the words which describe the activities of a sheep stealer,
[ Laughter] but on all counts I like " Waltzing Matilda."
Only a few days ago I was in Paris and to the intense
astonishment of the denizens of Paris, who still haven't discovered
whether it was Haile Selassie or the President of
Nicaragua who was visiting them, [ Laughter] the red carpet
Page 23
was laid down and there was a guard of honor and a band,
and the band played with all the verve in the world, " God
Save the Queen," and then it played the Marseillaise, and then,
as I walked along, it played " Waltzing Matilda." ( Laughter)
I liked that enormously because it reminded me that a few
years ago when I had been attending a conference in London
and was not very well, the medical men said to me, " You must
leave London, where the sun has not shone in the memory
of man, and you must have a week in the sun before you go
home." [ Laughter) As we went down to the hotel, my wife
and I and my daughter, a hotel that was so exclusive and so
expensive that when I looked over the cash register, I found
that only film stars had stayed there in the last year or two.
[ Laughter] They had a small orchestra in the best French
manner, and the leader played the violin, and somebody had
said to him, " This is an Australian." He therefore conducted
some researches, and he got the score of " Waltzing Matilda,"
and each night as we sat there in almost solitary state because
it was out of season, he came along and he played " Waltzing
Matilda,"' with so many roulades, so many crescendos, that it
sounded like love song. [ Laughter] I have never forgotten
it. So when I came in here tonight, I felt completely at home
and then of course, for good measure, you have placed on
the tables, wattle; and I must say that that is a touch which
every Australian here tonight appreciates to the full, because
though we are broadmninded and had to be when your Army
occupied us during the War [ Laughter], we are at the same
time bigoted. We are bigoted in favor of some of our own
emblems. Sir, there is one other preliminary thing that I ought to
say and it is this: that I had lunch yesterday in Rome and then
I committed myself to the tender care of an American airline
Page 24
which I must say seemed to me to be highly efficient. We
proceeded via Madrid and Lisbon to the Azores, which I discovered
from my American friends should be called the
A-zores I am not going to argue about that at all. [ Laughter]
As we left the Azores the skipper made a rather cryptic
remark to me about the weather. He said, " Head winds might
be indicated," and at once, with long and bitter experience ( I
wanted to raise no inter-Commonwealth argument over this
matter) [ Laughter] I said, " Yes, I know what that means, we
are going to Gander."
He said, " Well, I hope not," but you won't be surprised
when I tell you that, at some unearthly hour that morning at
about 3 o'clock, the engines began to slow down. It obviously
was many, many hundreds of miles from New York. I had
read a little booklet that they put in the planes for our
encouragement, " Prepare to Ditch without a Hitch," and I
felt instinctively for my life belt, and the air hostess said to
me, " We are landing at Gander." [ Laughter Gander-I
must not quarrel with the authorities in Newfoundland-but
Gander lacks charm. [ Laughter I thought, " Well, I am
getting out of this plane. I must have a look at old Gander."
[ Laughter] I don't think I ever crossed the Atlantic without
visiting Gander. Gander wouldn't feel the same without me.
And as I stepped out ( it was, I think they said, 2 degrees below
zero) I met a distinguished Australian civil servant inside
the as usual overheated waiting room, and I said to him, with
all that air of gaiety that a man fobs up at 3 o'dock in the
morning ( Laughter], " My dear fellow, how delightful to see
you. Let's have a touch of brandy." I hope no teetotalers
society will take exception to this, but I have my answer, because
he said very brightly, " I'd love one, thank you very
much." And we went along to the bar, but the gentleman in
Page
charge was otherwise occupied and, just as he was about to
arrive to give us our brandy, they said, " Your plane is ready
to depart," and I left my friend from Australia without his
brandy and without even a dollar to pay for one himself.
[ Laughter] So I don't care for Gander.
Now, Sir, there is one other thing I ought to say about
my friend, Governor Dewey's remarks. He said something
about the celebrated Reuter of Berlin, whom I had the great
pleasure of meeting myself in 1948, and who was indeed a
very remarkable man; but remarkable as I thought him to be,
I had never thought or said anything as bad about him as I
heard tonieht. To accuse a man of lecturing on economics is,
I think, serious, but to accuse a man of lecturing on economics
in Turkish seems to me to be about as uncivil a remark as you
could make about any human being. [ Laughter] Then, Sir,
references have been made, and very properly made to the
comradeship which exists between the United States and
Australia, and it is a very profound one.
References have been made to this great comradeship.
I very well remember before the war being here. I was then
an eminently respectable Attorney General of Australia, and
talking with the late President Roosevelt about Australia, and
from time to time on the East Coast and the West Coast
talking to ordinary private citizens, and there is no doubt
about it that at that time this country was all compact of good
will, as it always has been. Australia was a very remote speck
in the world, and this last war seems to me to have changed
all that. Too many hundreds of thousands of young Americans
were in Australia, received into Australian homes, seen in their
uniforms, heard of in their joint battles with Australian
troops, for our countries-my country and the United States
of America-to remain as merely distant communities. I
Page 26
venture to believe that those experiences brought about an
intimacy, a sense of neighborhood, a sense of closeness, which
could not have happened under any other circumstances.
I would not like you to think that there was uniform
satisfaction in Australia. Of course there was not. Whenever
an Australian went into a restaurant and said he would like
a grilled steak, he was as likely as not in those days to be told,
" I am sorry, sir, but the Americans were here this morning."
[ Laughter] When an Australian of sufficient youth and romantic
spirit looked around to see what had become of his girl
friend, he was as likely as not to be told, " I am sorry but the
Marines arrived this afternoon." [ Laughter] But putting all
these trifling inconveniences aside, there can be no doubt about
it that no two nations, one very great and one very small,
could ever have come closer together with more mutual respect
and more profound affection than the United States and Australia
in those crucial years. [ Applause)
One other what I am fond of calling preliminary remark
-and I will then say something else but I did hear a
reference this evening to the great problems of tea and coffee.
[ Laughter] I think it was the Secretary of Commerce who
referred to this problem, and if so, I must say to him now,
" Infidel, I have you on the hip," because we complained very
bitterly in Australia about the rapidly rising price of tea, and
when we inquired as to why tea costs so much now, the answer
is, " Well, there is. a much greater demand for tea in the
Ceylon auction sales, or wherever they may be." And when
we say, " How does that come about?" the answer is, " The
Americans are drinking tea." [ Laughter) That is a pretty
solemn thought, because whatever you say and very properly
about the quality of the coffee that one may get in this
country, there is not one good word to be said for the quality
Page 27
of the tea one gets in this country. [ Laughter) And yet you
have decided, perversely, to drink less coffee and to drink
more tea, and the result is that on many an honest sheep station
in Australia, the honest workingman has to wash his boiled
mutton down with only 3 cups of tea, instead of 4, because he
cannot afford the fourth. [ Laughter And all due to American
perverse activity in the tea market! [ Laughter) I could not
resist telling you that, because it is a matter no doubt to which
you will desire to pay some attention. But do let me say
this, because this, after all, is the Pilgrims.
This is a Society devoted for many years to the cultivation
of good relations, of mutual understanding between first of all,
the United Kingdom and the United States, and in the broad
sense, between the English-speaking people all over the world;
and because I am the spokesman of one section of the Englishspeaking
people of the world, and because I am fresh from a
conference in London in which all the people of the British
Commonwealth have been represented by the leaders of their
governments, I just would like to say a word or two about that
kind of problem.
The first thing, Sir, that I would like to say is this: In
the nineteenth century Great Britain was the dominating power
in the world, and Great Britain had about her all her colonies,
her own dominions, as they grew to be; and in the twentieth
century Great Britain has about her countries like my own,
British, as British as they could be no question of severance,
no question of lack of unity, still believing as I do, and as I
have said time after time, that we are one people. But in the
twentieth century, in the inexorable course of history, the
United States of America, once not only a colony but a series
of colonies itself, the perfect product of what colonies can
grow to be, has become the great and dominating power in
Page 28
the world. And that process, as men of imagination and sense
looked at it, posed a great problem. Would the United States
of America become a great power withdrawn from the affairs
of the world, or would it become a great power accepting the
price of power, which is responsibility and understanding of
other people in the world? And to me the great revolution in
the world in the last quarter of a century has been that this
marvelous country has not only taken its power and made its
power, but has accepted its responsibility with a humanity and
a generosity and a warmth of understanding which I believe
are not to be surpassed in human history. [ Applause
Every now and then, you, who are American citizens will
be told, and there will always be some scribbler who will be at
pains to write it for you, that there is resentment about this
development in the United Kingdom itself, or somewhere or
other in the British world. I beg of you to forget about it.
Battered Britain and Britain is still of all countries who took
the shock of war, the most battered in the sense that it still has
the toughest problems in battered Britain I never failed to
find in the highest places and in the humblest a warm appreciation
of the position of the United States and of the spirit
of the American people. [ Applause And therefore I say to
you, if I may arrogate to myself the right to speak for the
people of the entire British Commonwealth, that your position,
your spirit, your record, all these things, are perfectly understood
and deeply appreciated by us, all Communist propaganda
and neo-Communist propaganda to the contrary notwithstanding.
[ Applause)
The second thing, Sir, that I want to say, which I may
need to elaborate a little more on, is this: we need not pretend
to ourselves the world is not today sharply divided--not
divided by our will, but by the will of others-sharply divided
Page 29
between those who, like ourselves, believe in the free life of the
individual, and those who, like the other great group in the
world, believe in the disciplined service of masses of people to
whom freedom is denied. And this presents mankind with its
greatest problem, the most terrible problem, in a sense, that
the world has ever seen, and it presents problems to us, some
of which, occasionally, we fail to perceive.
We assume, don't we, the unity of the Communist world.
We assume a unity of opinion and of force in the Soviet Union.
We assume some dose community between the Soviet Union
and Communist China. We assume this unity of the Communist
world wherever it is, because wherever it is, it follows
the Communist line. It does not speak with twenty voices.
It speaks with one. The one voice may be the voice of a man
or of ten men or of a hundred men, because whenever you get
a multitude of voices, you can get them only by having a
multitude of free people, and therefore there is one voice, the
Communist line.
We of the Democratic world try to follow the Democratic
line, but the Democratic line is not one line but three hundred,
and that is something we need to have in mind, because the
whole object of an aggressive, genuinely imperialistic force
like world Communism is to divide and conquer. It says, if
we speak with one voice and we can get the other people to
speak with two, or twenty, or forty, we may then get them to
disagree with each other, and if we can get them to disagree
with each other, we will have divided them, and if we divide
them, we conquer them.
In a sense, we play that game for them. In a sense we
lend ourselves around the world to this kind of misunderstanding.
So that one may encounter a perfectly normal, intelligent
citizen of the United States who will say, " I don't like
Page
what's going on in England," and in London one may hear
somebody say, " You know, the Americans are behaving very
badly over so-and-so," and so it gets whipped up. And what
is the material on which all this whipping up of differences
occurs? It is material selected by people, not as a majority
opinion, but as an opinion loud enough to be heard. And the
result is that I constantly find myself being told that because
Jones or Brown or Robinson or the Blunderbuss, or the
Free Times, or the Messenger, in the newspaper
world has said so-and-so, that this represents the opinion of
the people of the United States.
What I am saying to you is simple enough. The whole
glory of Democracy is that each man may speak his piece, and
every newspaper may write what it cares to write. That is the
glory of a Democracy. But we must always remember that this
lends itself to the grossest misunderstanding in other Democratic
countries.
If I may take the simplest example: England has been
playing Australia cricket with, I regret to say, the most devastating
success. [ Laughter] We have had a first-class thrashing.
But whenever a cricket tour of an English team in Australia
begins, you don't suppose that we in Australia read in
the cabled news what the nice things are that are being written
by the visiting team, or about the Australian or about the
Australian public. Not at all. You are given a carefully compiled
selection of all the rather rude remarks that are being
written by two or three people out of twenty or thirty. And
the effect of this, of course, on people who do not know, is
devastating. They say, " Don't you think the English press is
behaving very badly?" " Don't you think the English people
are being rather tiresome about these matches?" And in the
same way they are being persuaded that, out in Australia, we
Page 31
are just a miserable lot of bowlers and squealers, [ Laughter]
though we are not, because I can assure you that when your
magnificent Davis Cup team so superbly defeated us for the
Davis Cup in Sydney, on its merits, with no equivocation, I Y
don't think any team ever had a greater reception from the t
people of Australia who watched all the play. [ Applause] p
We must never abandon Democracy in order to preserve t
it. But by misunderstanding in each other's countries the a
effect of what is being said I therefore take it as a great f
opportunity to tell you that I believe that both in Great Britain g
and in Australia, and I am sure in all the other British coun-t
tries in the world, there is a supremely dear and warm understanding
of the view in the United States. I am perfectly 0
certain that I may hope that in the United States it is well il
understood that on all great things that matter in the world 1
a this moment we are united as any two groups of people d
could have been in the entire history of mankind. [ Applause) d
Could I, Sir, just trespass on your time for a minute or V
two longer to say this. References have been made to median-n
ical matters. It would not be a bad study some day for some-I
body to work out the effect of mechanical matters on public c
opinion and on the history of nations. For example, I happend
to be one of those people who believe that if, in the Republic
of France, it were possible for a prime minister who thought
he commanded public support and who was about to be defeated
on a vote in the Assembly, if it were possible for him
to say, " I ask you to dissolve the Assembly; let us go to the
people," that the history of France would have been one of I
immeasurably more political stability than we have seen. C
[ Applause) C
I must say, speaking as a prime minister, an ex-prime t
minister and opposition leader, and a prime minister whoc
Page 32
will undoubtedly some day be an ex-prime minister again,
[ Laughter] that there is much to be said in a time of difficulty
when you are doing something that you believe in and that
you think you could get the people to agree with you about,
to be able to say, " Very well, let's have an election. Let the
people decide this matter." The absence of any genuine power
to dissolve in France is, I believe, one of the things that has
affected the history of that country. I don't say that merely
for myself, for I have discussed it with half a dozen distinguished
French political leaders, all of whom have agreed with
that view. Similarly, we in the British communities are in the habit
of discussing policy, international policy matters of this kind,
in such secrecy as can be got in a Cabinet meeting. You know
what I mean by that. [ Laughter] At any rate, we do close the
door and we discuss these matters. Sometimes, of course,
there is speculation, and sometimes there is not, but on the
whole, nobody can ever say that is the policy of the government
until it is announced by the head of the government.
That is important, because in the long run governments of any
country ought to be judged not by speculations, but by their
deeds. It is international deeds that give effect to international
policy. Here in the United States, if I may say so, you are much
more addicted to the hammering out of public policies by public
discussion. It may be a very good thing to do. I admit
that I have sometimes shuddered to think what I would do if
I were in charge of foreign policy and had to go before a
committee and be cross-examined. The committee would no
doubt get great benefit from it. [ Laughter] But this happens
to be your method. Just as we have a parliamentary executive
called the Cabinet, so in the United States there is the divi-
Page 33
sion of power, and what I would call1 the nonparliamrentary t
executive. V
I don't sit down and argue about these things and want tok
tell the United States it is wrong, or want to have the United a
States tell us that we are wrong. All I am saying is, do let us e
understand that there are these enormous technical differences t
in the system of government, but the effect, of course, is that t
while some policy is being heatedly debated in public, the
citizen of Minneapolis may be perfectly certain that he will beC
told that the voice of some opposition member at Westminster C
is the voice of England, just as certainly as that the citizen of C
Colchester or Whitstable I picked two oyster places in
England [ Laughter] -is pretty sure to be told that what has
happened in some newspaper in Chicago represents the con-C
sidered public opinion of the people of the United States.
Now, please, I say to you, do not let us fall for thesec
things. The oldest truth since men achieved some right of C
self-expression, the oldest truth since men achieved some capac-s
ity for converting the affairs of the spirit into the affairs of
expression is this: that amongst decent people around the world
the elements of unity are immeasurably greater than the elements
of disunity. Does anybody in his five wits suppose that
if, in the wisdom of God, another great disaster came on
the world, the people of the United States and the British people
of the world would not be together, side by side, slugging
it out? [ Applause) It is not to be contemplated. All I want
to say is that when people know that if disaster comes, they are
beside each other, with no arguments, [ Applause] they need to C
be at some pains not to be misled by the devices of those who
would divide and conquer. They need to remember that it
takes a lot of work to maintain understanding. It takes a lot of s
prudence, a lot of shrewd judgment, a lot of dry intelligence
Page 34
to get rid of the nonsense that will be put up by those who
want to separate us. Look in all these matters that have been
going on in the last few months. Haven't we all seen how
anxious the enemy, whether he is abroad or at home, is to
exacerbate whatever differences he may think he sees between
the British view and the American view? Let us beware of
this thing. I have just come from London, from a Prime Ministers'
Conference, and a Prime Ministers' Conference is an odd sort
of thing according to the onlooker, because we don't take decisions
and we don't have votes, and many of our discussions,
if you like, are inconclusive. But I do say this to you, that it
is one of the most marvelous things in the world for seven
or eight or nine men from all around the seven seas to sit
down together with different backgrounds, with peoples of
different colors, with peoples of different remote historical
cultures, for them to sit down together all under the leadership
of Her Majesty, the Queen, and to meet as heads of
governments and to talk to each other, to argue with each
other, if you like, but always as friends, exposing their differences,
seeking their unities, but always refreshing their
common faith in the great things that move men and women
all over the world. If only we could extend this, if only we
could feel that every now and then all these Prime Ministers
could sit down with their American counterparts, what a good
thing it would be; not reading a newspaper, not listening to
a mob orator, not listening to somebody who seeks to create
dissension, but sitting down as men and as brothers with the
greatest responsibility among them for the peace and good
living of mankind that any group of people have ever had
since the world began. [ The audience rose and there was
prolonged applause.] Page
CHAIRMAN BULLOCK: When you return to your wonderful
country, Mr. Prime Minister, I hope you will remind your
countrymen how much we like and admire them. They will be
familiar with the tremendous admiration of every citizen of
the United States for their great Prime Minister. Thank you
for honoring The Pilgrims by being our guest this evening.
[ Prolonged applause)
[ The dinner ended at ten fifty-five o'clock.]
Page 36
MRt. FLOYD G. BLAIR,
President, American Australian Association
THE HONORABLE ARTHUR S. LALL,
Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations
LIEUTENANT GENERAL THOMAS W. HERREN, USA,
Commanding General First Army
VICE ADMIRAL LAURANCE T. DUBOSE, USN,
Commander Eastern Sea Frontier
THE HONORABLE JOHN F. SIMMONS,
Chief of Protocol of the United States
HIS EXCELLENCY MOHAMMAD MIR KHAN, C. B. E.,
Permanent Representative of Pakistan to the United Nations
FLEET ADMIRAL WILLIAM F. HALSEY, USN( RET.),
Executive Committee, The Pilgrims of the United States
His EXCELLENCY SIR ROGER MAKINS, K. C. B.,
Her Britannic Majesty's Ambassador to the United States
His EXCELLENCY SIR PERCY C. SPENDER, Q. C.,
Her Majesty's Australian Ambassador to the United States
THE HONORABLE THOMAS E. DEWEY
Cl) THE RIGHT HON. ROBERT GORDON MENZIES, M. P.,
Prime Minister of Australia
MR. HUGH BULLOCK, O. B. E.,
Chairman, Executive Committee, The Pilgrims of the United States
THE HONORABLE SINCLAIR WEEKS,
The Secretary of Commerce
THE RIGHT REVEREND THE BISHOP OF NEW YORK,
Executive Committee, The Pilgrims of the United States
His EXCELLENCY SIR LESLIE MUNRO, K. C. M. G.,
Ambassador of New Zealand to the United States
THE HONORABLE A. G. TOWNLEY,
Australisn Minister for Air and Civil Aviation
His EXCELLENCY DAVID M. JOHNSON,
Permanent Representative of Canada to the United Nations
His EXCELLENCY SIR PIERSON DIXON, C. B.,
Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom to the
United Nations
VICE ADMIRAL ARTHUR D. STRUBLE, USN,
Chairman United States Delegation, United Nations
Military Staff Committee
LIEUTENANT GENERAL LEON W. JOHNSON, USAF,
Commander, Continental Air Command
THE HONORABLE W. D. FORSYTH,
Permanent Representative of Australia to the United Nations
THE HONORABLE H. S. BARNETT,
Acting Copsul General of Australia at New York Page 37
Attendance
A
Ansley, M. L.
Ansley, Mrs. M. L.
Appleby, Sir Robert, K. B. E.
Aulph, C. T.
Aulph, Mrs. C. T. B
Bagby, George
Baker, Richard
Bancroft, Frederic M. D.
Bancroft, Mrs. Frederic W.
Barnett, The Honorable H. S.,
Acting Australian Consul General
at New York
Barnett, Mrs. H. S.
Beale, Sir Louis, K. C. M. G.,
LLD.
Lady Beale
Beck, Edward Lancelot
Bingham, Charles C.
Binns, Joseph P.
Birks, Herbert A.
Blair, Floyd President,
American Australian Association
Blair, Henry T.
Blair, Paxton
Blair, Mrs. Paxton
Blyde, L. J. N.
Boardman, A. Jr.
Boardman, Mrs. A. Jr.
Booth, Willis H.
Booth, Mrs. Willis H.
Braden, The Hon. Spruille
Braden, Mrs. Spruille
Bradford, Lindsay
Bradford, Mrs. Lindsay
Bradford, Lindsay, Jr.
Bradley, Philip H.
Page 38 Bradley, Mrs. Philip H.
Brown, H. Clifford
Brown, Mrs. H. Clifford
Brown, Gen. Julian P.
Brown, Mrs. Julian P.
Brown, Mrs. Wylie
Bullock, Hugh, Chairman
of the Executive Committee,
The Pilgrims of the U. S.
Bullock, Mrs. Hugh
Bunkley, Admiral J. W.
Bunkley, Mrs. J. W.
Burbank, Dr. Reginald
Burbank, Mrs. Reginald
Burdick, Winfield N.
Burdick, Mrs. Winfield N.
Burgevin, Frederick H.
Burgevin, Mrs. Frederick H.
Burke, Miss Martha
Bury, L. H. E.
Bury, Mrs. L. H. E. C
Carroll, Mitchell B.
Carroll, Mrs. Mitchell B.
Casey, Major Gen. Hugh J.
Casey, Mrs. Hugh J.
Cates, Dudley F.
Cates, Mrs. Dudley F.
Cecil, William Amherst Vanderbilt
Clark, Robert E.
Clark, Mrs. Robert E.
Clarke, Gilmore N. A.
Clarke, Mrs. Gilmore D.
Clarke, Lewis Latham
Clarke, Mrs. Lewis Latham
Colbern, Brig. Gen. William H.
Colbern, Mrs. William H.
Colwell, Kent G.
Colwell, Mrs. Kent G.
Cooper, A. E.
Cooper, Mrs. A. E.
Craig, Miss L. H.
Crawford, David M.
Crawford, Mrs. David M.
Crittenberger, Lt. Gen.
Willis C. B.
Crittenberger, Mrs. Willis D.
D
Darlington, The Rev. Dr. Henry
Darlington, Mrs. Henry
Dash, Hugh, Press Secretary
to Australian Prime Minister
Daubek, George
Daubek, Mrs. George
Davies, J. Australian
Consolidated Press
Davis, Shelby Cullom
Davis, Mrs. Shelby Cullom
Deering, Henri
Dewey, The Hon. Thomas E.
Dewey, Mrs. Thomas E.
Disston, Col. Harry
Dixon, H. E. Sir Pierson, K. C. M. G.,
Permanent Representative
of the United Kingdom to the
United Nations
Lady Dixon
Dixon, Piers
Dodge, Col. John D. S. O.,
M. C.
Donegan, The Rt. Rev. H. W. B.,
The Bishop of Executive
Committee of the Pilgrims of
the United States
DuBose, Vice Admiral L. N. C.,
USN, Commander Eastern Sea
Frontier
DuBose, Mrs. L. T. E
Eastman, Norman F.
Eastman, Mrs. Norman F.
Edwards, R. P.
Edwards, Mrs. R. P. Edmonds, Dean S.
Eells, Richard, S. F.
Emmet, Christopher F
Forgie, James
Forgie, Mrs. James
Forsyth, The Honorable W. D.,
Permanent Representative of
Australia to the United Nations
Forsyth, Mrs. W. D.
Foye, Arthur B.
Foye, Mrs. Arthur
French, J. H.
French, Mrs. J. H. G
Godwin, Harold
Godwin, Mrs. Harold
Grant, Clinton F.
Grant, Mrs. Clinton F.
Grewcock, Derek, M. B. E.
Grewcock, Mrs. Derek
Grimm, Peter
Grimm, Mrs. Peter
Gullick, F. Australian
Government Trade Commissioner
Guyer, David L.
Guyer, Mrs. David L.
H
Hall, Melville W.
Halsey, Fleet Admiral William F.,
USN ( Ret.)
Executive Committee, The
Pilgrims of the United States
Hardy, Brig. John H.
Hardy, Mrs. John H.
Harwood, Douglas
Harwood, Mrs. Douglas
Hawley, Edmond S.
Herren, Lt. Gen. Thomas D. S. M.,
Page 39
USA, Commanding General First
Army
Herren, Mrs. Thomas W.
Hicks, E. Secretary Department
for Air, Australia
Hiscoe, Reginald V.
Hiscoe, Mrs. Reginald V.
Hohaus, Reinhard A.
Hohaus, Mrs. Reinhard A.
Hopkins, L. O. B. E.
Hopkins, Mrs. L. M.
Hudson, Lionel, Reuters Ltd.
and Australian Associated
Press
Hurry, Rutgers Ives
Hurry, Mrs. Rutgers Ives
I
Irving, Major Gen. Frederick
Irving, Mrs. Frederick J
Johnson, H. E. David M.,
Permanent Rep. of Canada
to the United Nations
Johnson, Lt. General Leon W.,
USAF,
Commanding General, Continental
Air Command
Johnson, Mrs. Leon W.
Jones, Gilbert E.
Jones, Mrs. Gilbert E.
K
Kane, L. A.
Kane, Mrs. L. A.
Keenan, Walter
Kennedy, William Walker
Kennedy, Mrs. William Walker
Kildea, York
Kildea, Mrs. York
Kortlucke, Dr. F. F.
Kortlucke, Mrs. F. F.
Page Koyle, Frederic T.
Koyle, Mrs. Frederic T.
L
Laing, W. J. Scott, Deputy British
Consul General
Laing, Mrs. W. J. Scott
Lake, Lauriston C.
Lake, Mrs. Lauriston C.
Lall, The Hon. Arthur Permanent
Representative of India to the
United Nations
Lall, Mrs. Arthur S.
Landau, S.
Lauren, Charles B.
Lauren, Mrs. Charles B.
Lawrence, Justus Baldwin, O. B. E.
Lawrence, Mrs. Justus Baldwin
Leach, Henry Goddard
Leach, Mrs. Henry Goddard
Legg, George Albert
Letcher, H. J. 0.
Lichine, Alexis
Lockwood, Manice de Forest
Lockwood, Mrs. Manice de Forest
Lockwood, Manice de Forest III
Lockwood, Mrs. Manice de Forest
III
Lyon, Professor John Henry Hobart
M
McAdoo, Mrs. Mollie Tackaberry
McBride, Robert M.
McCanliss, Lee
McCollester, Roger S.
McCollester, Mrs. Rogers S.
Mclnnerney, Mrs. Thomas H.
McKnight, A. Secretary, Dept. of
the Army, Australia
McMurtry, Major R. M. C.
McPherson, John
McPherson, Mrs. John
MacDonald, George
MacDonald, Henry
MacDonald, Australian
Newspapers Service
MacPherson, Arthur W.
MacPherson, Mrs. Arthur W.
Makins, H. E. Sir Roger, G. C. M. G.,
H. B. M.' s Ambassador
to the United States
Marpenet, Edwin
Marpenet, Mrs. Edwin
Martin, Luther III
Martin, R. W.
Martineau, Mrs. Hubert
Massey, B. P.
Massey, Mrs. B. P.
Mathews, Hiram A.
Mathews, Mrs. Hiram A.
Maynard, A. Rogers
Maynard, Mrs. A. Rogers
Menzies, The Rt. Hon. Robert
Gordon, M. P.,
Prime Minister of Australia
Michalis, C. G.
Michalis, Mrs. C. G.
Michalopoulos, Hon. Andre
Michelmore, Peter, Sydney Morning
Herald
Mir Khan, H. E. Mohammad, C. B. E.,
Permanent Rep. of Pakistan to the
United Nations
Moffat, Douglas M.
Moffat, Mrs. Douglas M.
Mogabgab, A.
Mogabgab, Mrs. A.
Morawetz, Mrs. Victor
Montague, Gilbert H.
Munro, J. A.
Munro, Mrs. J. A.
Munro, H. E. Sir Leslie, K. C. M. G.,
New Zealand Ambassador to the
United States
Munro, Lady
Myrick, Julian S.
Myrick, Mrs. Julian S.
0
Oneal, Mrs. Benjamin P. O'Neil, A.
Ormerod, Major C. C. B. E.
P
Parsons, Jr., M. C.
Pennoyer, A. Sheldon
Peak, William
Phillips, John G.
Poor, Alfred Eastman
Poor, Mrs. Alfred Eastman
Pryor, Samuel F.
Pryor, Mrs. Samuel F.
R
Randolph, Francis F.
Resor, Miss Ann
Revillon, Mrs. Theodore
Revill, Mr., Associated Newspapers
of Australia
Richter, Charles M.
Richter, Mrs. Charles M.
Ridgeway, George L.
Ridgeway, Mrs. George L.
Rogers, Glenn E.
Rogers, Mrs. Glenn E.
Rowland, B. Allen, Special Assistant
to Secretary of Commerce Weeks
Rowland, Mrs. B. Allen S
Schoales, Douglas N.
Schoales, Mrs. Douglas N.
Scott, H. D.
Scott, Mrs. H. D.
Shaw, Dr. Alfred
Shaw, Mrs. Alfred
Shedden, Sir Frederick, K. C. M. G.,
Secretary, Department of
Defense, Australia
Sheldon, James
Shepard, Dr. William P.
Shepard, Mrs. William P. Page 41
Shields, William
Shields, Mrs. William
Simmons, The Hon. John Chief
of Protocol of the United States
Smith, Miss G. Robinson
Smith, Miss Jessie
Spender, H. E. Sir Percy K. B. E.,
Australian Ambassador to
the United States
Stetson, Eugene W.
Stetson, Mrs. Eugene W.
Stewart, Harold
Stout, James M.
Stuart-Linton, Charles
Stuart-Linton, Mrs. Charles
Stuart, Mrs. David
Struble, Vice Admiral Arthur D.,
USN, Chairman,
U. S. Delegation, United Nations
Military Staff Committee
Struble, Mrs. Arthur D.
T
Tange, A. Secretary
Department of External Affairs
Australia
Thomas, Mrs. Clara Fargo
Tinker, Edward Lacroque
Tinker, Mrs. Edward Lacroque
Tomlinson, Carl P.
Townley, The Hon. A. Australian
Minister for Air and Civil
Aviation
Townley, Mrs. A. G. V
Van Alstyne, William T.
Van Alstyne, Mrs. William T.
Vivian, Norman C. W
Walker, F. British
Broadcasting Corp.
Wallace, Bryan
Wallace, Mrs. Bryan
Ward, Thomas E.
Warner, R. Miles
Warner, Mrs. R. Miles
Weeks, The Honorable Sinclair,
The Secretary of Commerce
Weeks, Mrs. Sinclair
Wellman, Allen G.
Wilds, Walter
Wilds, Mrs. Walter
Willkie, Mrs. Wendell L.
Witherell, Randall
Wynn, James 0. x
Xydis, Stephen y
Young, Philip
Young, Mrs. Philip
Page 42