COMMONWEALTH GOVERNMENT.
DIGESTOF DECISIONS
AND ANNOUNCEMENTS
IMPORTANT SPEECHES
THE PRIME MINISTER
( THE HON. JOHN CURTIN).
No.
IIFRIO) D) --slsr DE-CEIMBER. 1f41. To 16TH I) CEMJ3Efl, 1) 41.
By Anthoritr.
L F. JornSToN, COmmonwealth Government Printer. Canbem.
( Printed in Australia.)
b7U. _ I I
AUSTRALIAN MILITARY FORCES.
STRATEGIC ROAD CONSTRUCTION.
On 1st Decemiber, 1941, the Minister for the Army ( Mr. Forde)
said-" The important strategic route joining Western. Queenstnd and
the North-South road is rapidly nearing completion. The road will be
trafficable for at least nine months of the year, hut if seasons are
favorable, it will he traversible for the whole twelve months."
On 5th December, 1941, the Prime Minister ( Mr. Curtin) said-
" War Cabinet to-day gave consideration to the question of the
construction of roads of strategic and operational impoirtance. It was
decided to proceed with all-weather strategic roads as follows:
Northern Command ( Queensland), œ 616,000; Eastern Command ( New
South Wales), œ 15,000; Western Goummand ( Western Australia),
œ 17,000. Cabinet's decision will be * referred to the Co-ordinator-
General of. Works ( Sir Harry Brown), who will confer with the States
and submit proposals for the apportionment of the financial -responsibility
between the Commonwealth and States, while the States'
construction authorities will be consulted-regarding construction
details." ( For earlier references, please see No. 8, page 22.)
GLEADALL BOMB.
On 6th December, 1941, Mr. Forde said -he had interested himself
in a number of new bombs invented by Staff-Sergeant L. R. Gleadall,
of Brisbane. Demonstrations had been c arried out that day. He said
the inventions obviously possessed great merit and would fulfil the need
for weapons which sections of fighting forces had been seeking. He was
anxious that they be tested as soon as possible with a view to putting
them into production. NO EXPORT OF RIFLES.
On 10th December, 1941, Mr. Forde said-
I " No rifles have been exported to other countries since I have been
Minister for the Army-exc-ept to the Australian Imperial Force.
Now, all the rifles that are beiug turned out are being used by our
troops."
MILITIA TRANSFERS TO AUSTRALIAN IMPERIAL FORCE.
On 12th December, 1941, Mr. Forde referred to criticism of the
decision to. retain in the Australian Military Forces, men who were
desirous of enlisting for overseas service. He said that, by the calling-up
of all units for full-time duty, the training of men who were already
in Militia units would be carried on without a break and eventually
they would be trained as portions of formed units. Their training
would not be disrupted, and there would be but a deferment of the
processes of medical examination, enlistment, and transfer to the
Australian Imperial * Force recruit training depots, all of whida
normally occupied considerable time and expenditure. Men who had
notified their desire to serve overseas were being placed on special lists
which would be held by units, and the men would be shown as having
been posted to the Australian Imperial Force reserve. When the
occasion warranted, the men could be readily transferred to Australian
Imperial Force reinforcements. The action taken was based on a
recommnendation by the Government's military advisers in view of the
gravity of the international situation, and was deemed to be in the
best interests of the defence of the country, which overruled all personal
considerations. UNIVERSITY STUDENTS.
On 13th December, 1941, the Minister for War Organization of
Industry ( Mr. Dedman) said that the Government's aim was to ensure
that universities trained students in the tasks most urgently needed.
Those completing courses essential to the war effort would not be subject
to military service, bitt those doing unessential courses would be called
up. ( For earlier references, please see No. 5, page 24.)
CHRISTMAS DINNER.
On 13th December, 1941, Mr. Forde announced that a special
Christmas dinner would be provided for Australian troops who were
in camps, forts or garrisons on that day. A substantial increase had
been approved in the messing allowance for troops on Christmas Day
so that arrangements could be made for the special meal. Hospital
cases and convalescent men in Australia, the Middle East and Malaya
would receive an individual Red Cross Christmas parcel.
SEASONAL WORKERS.
On 13th December, 1941, Mr. Forde said that men who had been
granted leave fromn military training for harvest operations and those
whose training ' had previously been deferred for essential work in
connexion with timber, flax, textile and the colliery industries, would be
rendering the utmost service to the war effort by remaining at their
civilian occupations until, and unless, called for.
( For earlier references, please see No. 2, page 8.)
USE OF MILITIA OVERSEAS.
On 15th December, 1941, Mr. Forde said-
" The Government has no intention of sending members of the
Australian Militia Forces to any points outside Australia except to
Commonwealth territories or terriitories under the control of the
Commonwealth Government. There is no necessity to do so. Members
of the Militia Forces are enlisted for the'defence of Australia.
Australian Imperial Force men are recruited for overseas* service.
Members of the Militia Forces will be trained ' and used exclusively
for the defence of Australia and its territories. They cannot he used
for any other purpose except by an amendment of the Australian
Defence Act-which the Government does not intend to make, because
there is no necessity."
EXEMPTIONS FROM SERVICE.
On 16th December, 1941, Mr. Forde said-
A review was recently made of those exemiptions granted to Class
I military trainees ( single men up to 35) employed in industries not
directly associated with the war effort. In the past very, few men in
certain trades have been called up but now that it has been decided
to place the Militia on a war footing, it follows that m-ore skilled
tradesmen will be called upon. That is unavoidable if efficiency in
the Army is to be brought to its highest level. The review has been
necessary because many units requiring tradesmen have been maintained
previously in cadre form, but are now being brought to full strength.
The list of reserved occupations order is still, and will continue to be,
rigidly applied and instructions have been issued that not only men
entitled to exemptions, but those whose training had been deferred
by order of the Adjutant-General, to enable production of urgently
required materials and equipment, will not be called up unless required
to serve in their usual capacity in the forces. It is possible that many
itien who have just been called up in Class 1 have gone over to war
industries since they registered, and had been called up on particulars
p~ rev'iously furnished. If it were known that they were in war
industries they should not have becn called up. 1 emphasized that every
mnan wvhosqe age or condition, regardless of his occupation, brought hint
within Class 2 or Class;. 3 as defined by the proclamation of December 11,
1941. is required to register." SEASIDE AREAS.
On 15th December, 1941, Mr. Forde said that in any areas where
there were forts or military establishments, strict regulations, guards
and fences would prevent the public entering these places and he had
no dloubt that residents would closely observe any blackout, lighting
restriction or other necessary restrictions.
PRISONERS OF WAR.
RED CROSS FACILITIES.
On 2nd Decenmber, 1941, the Minister for the Army ( Mr. Forde)
vannounced that he had authorized a contribittion of œ 750 to be.
dcspatehed through the Australian Red Cross to the British Red Cross
to provide further educational and recreational facilities for
A ustralian prisoners in enemy countries.
( For earlier references, please see No. 1, page 23; No. 5, page 13.)
APPLES AND PEARS.
ACQUISITION PLAN ADOPTED.
On 3rd December, 1941, the Minister assisting the Minister for-
Commerce ( Senator Fraser) said-
" The Government has decided to acquire the apple and pear crop
af the coming season and dispose of it on behalf of the growers. At the.
8276-2
seame time, the Government has decided upon certain reforms both in
the scheme itself and in its administration. The Government was
greatly influenced by the unanimous report of the Joint Parliamentary
Committee which investigaited the industry, and the best means of
supporting it during the war. The Government has been impressed by
the fact that, although the committee found faults in both -the scheme
and its administration, nevertheless the committee recommended continuance
of acquisition as the best form of government intervention.
Therefore, in spite of all difficulties and disadvantages, the Government
has decided upon a scheme of acquisition. The Government expects
that next year's plans will operate with much more satisfaction to
Australia than the schemes of either of the previous years. Unless the
Government finds reasons of governmental importance to the contrary
at Lany time, it will adopt as a general guide--and will require the
Marketing Board to adopt as a guide-the report and recommendations
of the committee.
" The ' Government earnestly hopes that, whilst affording reasonable
compensation to producers for their fruit, the scheme -will also prove
more beneficial to consumers. Every effort will be made to see that
there is a wider and more efficient distribution of fruit. It is proposed
that acquisition will commence on 1st January, 1942. In the meantime,
details of the new plan will be worked out and necessary instructions
given to the Maeteting Board in regard to its operation."
( For earlier references, please see No. 9, page 9.)
INDUSTRIAL MATTERS.
DILUTION OF LABOUR REGULATIONS.
On 3rd December, 1941, the Minister for Labour ( Mr. Ward)
announced that an amendment bad been made to the National Security
( Engineering Trades Dilution) Regulations to provide for the payment
of full tradesmen's rates to all engineering trades apprentices in their
fifth year of service. Under an amendment to these regulations made in
October, 1941, it was provided that full tradesmen's rates should be
paid to fifth-year apprentices of employers who were employing added
engineering tradesmen. It was found in practice that the effect of
this provision was to discourage employers from employing added
tradesmen, as the employment of even one added tradesman would 1
involve them in the payment of full tradesmen's rates to all their fifthrear:.
apprentices. This was having an adverse effect on the placement
of trainees turned out under the Commonwealth Technical Training
Scheme. Under the regulations as now amended, all employers of
fifth-year engineering apprentices will be placed on the same basis,
and there will be no financial inducement to employeirs to refrain from
co-operating in the engineering trades dilution scheme.
( For earlier references, please see No. 2, page 14; No. 3, page 11; No.
page 17; No. 6, page 9.)
COAL-MINING INDUSTRY.
REGULATIONS ALTERED.
On 3rd December, 1941, the Minister for Labour ( Mr. Ward)
said-" I tender my thanks to the Prime Minister ( Mr. Curtin) andi the
Attorney-General ( Dr. Evatt) for their valuable assistance in giving
effect to plans for improving the industrial arbitration system.-The
Government has had under consideration for some time amendments
to the National Security ( Coal Mining Industry Employment) Regulations
to provide for more expeditious handling of disputes as they
arise in order to ensure that production in this very important war
industry shall be continuous. Many stoppages have occurred and much
dissatisfaction has manifested itself due to delays in hearing matters
and arriving at decisions. Experience showed that amendments of the
existing regulations were necessary and as a result of conferences
between Mr. Curtin, Dr. Evatt and myself, amendments were to-day
approved to give effect to the following:-
Extension of the powers of Local Reference Boards to enable
them to settle any disputes as to local matters, that is, matters which
specially affect employees in the locality in which a Board is established.
The present power of a Local Reference Board extends only to
settlement lby conciliation. Thc proposed provision will enable the
Local Reference Board to hear and determine such matters. Matters
which are not local shall be dealt with by the Central Reference Board.
Provision is also made to provide for the appointment of a Conciliation
Commissioner to be Acting Chairman of the Central Reference
Board during the illness, or absence from any other cause, of the
Chairman, providing that a Judge of the Arbitration Court is not
available for appointment as Acting Chairman."
REGULATIONS AMENDED
On 16th December, 1941, the Attorney-General ( Dr. Evatt) said-
" The Minister for Labour ( Mr. Ward) has discovered that, in a
niumber of cases, the proceedings of Local Reference Boards under the
National Security ( Coal-mining Industry Employment) Regulations
have been delayed. Those regulations were recently amended to prevent
appeals from decisions of Local Reference Boards, except where the
board was exceeding its jurisdiction by dealing with a matter of'
general import in the industry. At the same time, provision was made
in the regulations to compel the chairman of the Local Reference Board
to hold up the hearing and to refer to the Central Reference Board, at
the instance of any member of the board; representative of employers;
representative of employees, any question as to whether a matter was
one of local or general application.
" In Mr. Ward's view, this power to compel has been exercised far
too frequently and, in the future, it is proposed that it will he in the
( liscret-nn of the chairman of a Local Reference Board as to whether
any such question should be referred to the Central Referene Board,
which will then have power to determine whether it or the Local
Reference Board should deal with the matter. During the present
period of crisis, Mr. Ward will take every step necessary to prevent
industrial tribunals from being delayed in the hearing and determination
of industrial disputes. Mr. Ward considers that the amendment
which has been made to the regulations to make the power of chairmen
of Local Reference Boards discretionary only, will be a factor in
preventing delay.
A further amendment has been made to the National Security
( Industrial Peace) Regulations to ensure that the settlement of the
recent dispute in the coal-mining industry with respect to annual leave,
which was given by the Conciliation Commissioner ( Mr. D. B.
Morrison), would not be disturbed. The amending regulation will give
to Mr. Morrison's decision the same effect as if it had been an award of
the Central Reference Board and his decision will not, therefore, be
liable tobe upset by the Commonwealth Arbitration Court."*
( For earlier references, please see No. 1, page 14; No. 2, page 14; No. 7,
page 18; No. 8, pages 14-15.)
ACQUISITION OF STOCKS.
On 12th December, 1941, the Minister for Supply ( Mr. Beasley)
announced regulations for the compulsory acquisition of all coal stocks
in New South Wales, and for the fixing of prices of coal throughout
Australia as from 15th December, 194-1. The Coal -Commissioner will
have power to-
Terminate all existing contracts for the supply of coal to
other States.
Acquire by compulsion all coal at New South Wales pits
for export to other States.
Fix all future prices for the purchase and resale of coal.
Limit rates of profit from all coal-mines or group of mines.
Insist that colliery waggons be made available for the
carriage of coal from any pit, even if it is not the pit
of the owner of the colliery waggons.
Fix prices for coal for consumption within New South
Wales.
Grade all coal into classes such as gas and tail coal, and,
supply interstate buyers with coal of special quality
instead of coal from certain mines.
Pay for all coal compulsorily acquired at the average
colliery prices ruling on 1st December, 1940, plus any
authorized increases granted by the Prices Commissioner.
Compel collieries to render accounts of interstate sales
each month, so that prices can be adjusted where
necessary.
COMMISSION APPOINTED.
On 12th December, 1941, the Prime Minister ( Mr. Curtin) said-
The Government has approved of the formation of the Coal
Commission to control the supply, production, distribution and all other
matters affecting coal. Members of the commission will be: Mr.
Norman Mighell ( chairman), Mr. T. Armstrong ( representing the
owners) and Mr. B. Cunningham ( representing the miners).
" Arrangements have been made for the commission to survey the
existing regulations with a view to recommending such alterations
which it considers necessary to enable it to carry out effectively in the
broadest sense the functions assigned to it. The matter will receive
of the caotmetmoIinss ion is such maass rtdob induce conl fideonccree from hatltle sptuarties. ugn
have received assurances of support and co-operation from the miners,
and I look forward to the maximum Output and best use of coal to
play its part in the maximum war effort."
( For earlier references, please see No. 5, page
ENEMY ALIENS.
EDUCATION OF INTERNED -CHILDREN.
On 3rd December, 1941, the Minister for the Army ( Mr. Forde)
said-The education of children of overseas internees who have been
permitted to accompany their parents into internment is proceeding.
Kindergarten and dining huts, equipped with diet kitchens for young
children, and a school building for elder children, are at present in
course of construction and will be used by children recently arrived iu
Australia. Adult internees are also encouraged to participate in
educational activities and some hundreds are studying a wide range
of subjects. Over 250 have prepared themselves for the University of
Melbourne Leaving Certificate examination. All expenses in connexion
with overseas internees and their children are borne by the Governments
originally responsible for their internament."
PROPERTY REGULATIONS AMENDED.
F On 3rd December, 1941, the Treasurer ( Mr. ' Chifley) said that a
new Regulation under the National Security ( Enemy Property)
Regulations had been gazetted to provide that no alteration to the
memorandum or articles of association of an Australian company, in
which more than 20 per cent. of the shares were held by enemy subject
shareholders, shall become effective until approved by the Controller
of Enemy Property. The Regulation was designed principally to protect
the interests of shareholders in Australian companies where such
shareholders were the subjects of a friendly or Allied power whose
country was in enemy hands. All occupied countries were deemed to be
" tenemy territory for purposes of the National Security ( Enemy
Property) Regulations and technically, residents therein were enemy
subjects It was felt, however, that the interests of these people in
Australian companies, where such interests were sufficient to affect a
company's policy, should not be prejudiced because of their inability.
owing to war conditions, to exercise their rights in the normal manner.
The new Regulation safeguarded those rights.
LAND TRANSFER REGULATIONS.
On 16th December, 1941, the Attorney-General ( Dr. Evatt)
announced that by an amendment of the National Security ( Land
Transfer) Regulations former subjects of Finland, Hungary, Rumania
and Japan, who were naturalized British subjects, were regarded as
naturalized persons of enemy origin. The sale of land to such persons,
and other land transactions with such persons, was prohibited exceptf
with the prior consent of the Attorney-General. Subjects of the
countries mentioned who were not naturalized were enemy aliens and
the sale of land to them,. and other land transactions with them,
was absolutely prohibited. TRANSPORT.
REGULATIONS MADE.
On 3rd December, 1941, the Minister for Transport ( Mr. Lawson)
gazetted regulations providing for the control of rail transport by the
Commonwealth to ensure the best possible use of the facilities in
emergency. A committee, to be known as the War Railways Committee.
will be formed to advise and assist the Minister in the administration
of the regulations. It will consist of the chief executive officers of the
Commonwealth and State railways systems. The chairman will be
appointed by the Minister. The regulations provide the necessary
power to conduct the essential services for defence and civil purposes
without restriction.
( For earlier references, please see No. 4, page 14; No. 5, page 12.)
VOLUNTEER DEFENCE CORPS.
EQUIPMENT ISTRIBUTION.
On 3rd December, 1941, the Minister for the Army ( Mr. Forde) I
said-"' Sufficient mortars have been distributed among the various centres
in which the Volunteer Defence -Corps is operating to ensure a full
issue. The rate of rifle issue is being maintained at the highest
possible; level. Any increase will depend largely on the numbers
obtained -by impressment. A growing factory output will ensure
supplies of light machine guns. Sub-machine guns will also be distributed.
Approximately 11,000 uniforms have been distributed and
more are being issued as rapidly as possible; production is rising and
a full issue is not far distant."
( For earlier references, please see No. 6, page 23.)
FULL-TIME DUTY PERSONNEL.
On 5th December, 1941, the Prime Minister. ( Mr. Curtin) said-
Approval was given by War Cabinet to-day to the employment of
full-time duty personnel with the Volunteer Defence Corps. It was
decided that, for the proper administration of the corps, full-time duty
personnel should be employed, totalling 29 captains, 73 lieutenants and
175 warrant and non-commissioned officers. The work of organization
and administration has been carried out voluntarily, and in their spare
time, * by members but, with the increased volume of work now to be
handled and the vital part the corps may be called upon to play in
Autralia's defence, it is no longer possible to depend on purely
vla ry services. The appointment of full-time duty personnel will
permit of the proper issue of, and accounting for, uniforms, equipment
and training stores and will assist commanding officers in the training
of units and the keeping of records and compilation of data required in
connexion with the employment of the corps on mobilization."
CALL-UP FOR SERVICE.
On 13th December, 1941, Mr. Forde said-
" Portions of the Volunteer Defence Corps will be called up for
coast-watching and for defence of aerodromes. They will receive the
same rates of pay as the Militia Forces. Arrangements are in progress
for the calling-tip of these men. They will be drawn as far as possible
from the areas in which their services will be used."
FAR EASTERN POSITION.
WAR CABINET MEETING.
On 4th December, 1941, the Prime Minister ( Mr. Curtin) said-
" War Cabinet, in consultation with the Chiefs of Staff, reviewed
the preparedness of the Navy, Army and Air Force for any emergency.
The precautionary steps that have been taken to meet any contingency
that may arise were examined and . authority given for further
essential measures, if and when, they should become necessary."
AUSTRALIAN WAR EFFORT AND CAPACITY.
APPOINTM1ENTS MADE.
On 15th Decembet, 1941, the Minister for War Organization of
Industry ( Mr. Dedman) announced further appointments of his
department, Professor Ronald Walker of the University; of Hobart to be
Chief Economic Adviser to the Department, the Chief Inspector, Personnel,
Postmaster-General's Department ( Mr. G. T. Chippindall) to
be Deputy-Director, Department of War Organization of -Industry.
APPOINTMENT OF SCIENTISTS.
On 11th December, 1941, Mr. Dedman said that two scientists were
to be selected, having regard to their knowledge of industry and science,
to spend about three months studying the position relative to the
utilization of the scientific resources of the country in the war effort,
by consultation with a few leaders in charge of war activities. These
men would then submit to the Prime Minister proposals for making
fuller use of such scientific help as was available in the country, and
was unused. AIR RAID PRECAUTIONS.
RESPIRATORS FOR CIVIL POPULATION.
On 5th December, 1941, the Prime Minister ( Mr. Curtin) said-
War Cabinet to-day discussed the matter of provision of respirators
for use by the civil population of Australia in the event of gas
attacks. It was decided to place an order in the United Kingdom for
the supply of 1,000,000 respirator containers and that the Australian
Department of Munitions commence, at the earliest possible date, the
manufacture of the face-pieces for these containers at the rate of
40,000 a week. Arrangements will be mnade by the Department of Home
Security for the storage of containers and face-pieces and their assembly
snd issue when required. The Department of Munitions will collsborate
on the technical side of these matters and War Cabinet will later
deal with the question of local production of the complete units. It
is estimated that the provision of 1,000,000 units will cost œ 300,000."'
COMPENSATION FOR VOLUNTEERS.
On 16th December, 1941, the Minister for Home Security ( Mr.
Lazzarini) announced National Security ( Civil Defence Volunteers'
Compensation) Regulations providing a scheme of compensation and/ or
pension for Civil Defence Volunteers who were members of civil
defence organizations approved by the Minister, who would administer
the regulations. Members who sustained personal injuries in the course
of training would beneifit under the scheme and allowances for
dependants were provided. All claims would be handled by the
Repatriation Commission. BULK OIL INSTALLATIONS.
On 17th December, 1941, Mr. Lazzarini announced National
Security ( Protection of Bulk Oil Installations) Regulations to vest in
the Minister authority to require owners of bulk oil installations to
take protective measures in connexion with those installations and to
furnish reports in relstion to protective measures. Provision was made
for the constitution of a Bulk Oil Protection Advisory Committee.
Before the erection of any bulk oil installations was commenced, the
consent in writing of the Minister shall be obtained.
( For earlier references, please see No. 6, page 4; No. 7, page
ROYAL AUSTRALIAN AIR FORCE.
QANTAS EMPIRE AIRWAYS.
On 5th December, 1941, the Prime Minister ( Mr. Curtin) said-
" War Cabinet to-day agreed to a request by Qantas Empire Airways
Limited for the return of one flying boat, of those chartered by
the Royal Australian Air Force from the company, as soon as the
Chief of the Air Farce Staff can arrange for the return. The machine
will be requisitioned, if required in an emergency, during the two
months of the period of return that has been approved."
WOMEN DOCTORS APPROVED.
On 5th December, 1941, Mr. Curtin said-
" War Cabinet to-day gave approval to the employment in the
Royal Australian Air Force medical service of women doctors, not
exceeding a total of eight. They will be paid the rates of pay and
allowances applicable to male doctors holding the corresponding rank.
The duties of the new appointees will include clinical pathology at
hospitals and general work at stations where members of the Women's
Auxiliary Australian Air Force are accommodated. Cabinet's decision
was prompted by the difficulty being experienced in meeting the medical
officer requirements of the services."
LEAVE CANCELLED.
OA 5th December, 1941, the Minister for Air ( Mr. Drakeford) said
that leave for Royal Australian Air Force personnel at Darwin had
been cancelled for the present. This action had been taken some time
ago when the Far Eastern position began to deteriorate.
AIR-ARMY GO-OPERATION.
On 10th December, 1941, the Minister for Air ( Mr. Drakeford)
I said that the school of army co-operation, providing a basis for closer
collaboration between the Air Force and the Army, to be established in
Canberra early in the new year, would be under the control of Wing-
Commander S. de B. Griffiths, Commanding Officer, Royal Australian
Air Force Station, Canberra, pending the arrival in Australia of a
Royal Air Force air-army co-operation expert. Squad ron-Leader G. J.
Quinan, commander of an Australian army co-operation squadron,
would assist the chief instructor. Army instructors would be Major
H. M. Ervine-Andrews, the first V. C. winner of the present war, and
Major T. F. Howeison, of the Australian Armoured Division. A comprehensive
syllabus had been arranged by Air-Commodore F. M. Bladin,
Air Officer Commanding Royal Australian Air Force Operational
Area, and Colonel E. L. Vowles, Acting Director of Military Training.
( Far earlier references, please see No. 1, page 15; No. 6, page 23; No. 7,
pages 11-12.)
AWARDS FOR GALLANTRY.
On l3th December, 1941, Mr. Drakeford received advice that
Squadron-Leader C. Rawlinson had been awarded a bar to his Distinguished
Flying Gross, and Flight-Lieutenant D. A. Coke and Flying-
Officer F. Fischer had won the Distinguished Flying Cross for outstanding
bravery in the Libyan campaign.
On 17th December, 1941, Mr. Drakeford said-
" Flight-Lieutenant C. R. Caldwel], who is serving in a Royal
Australian Air Force squadron operating in Libya, has been simultaneously
awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross and bar for outstanding
bravery. MOVEMENTS OF PERSONNEL.
On 15th December, 1941, Mr. Drakeford said the Government did
not intend to disclose, at this stage, its intentions regarding the future
of the Royal Australian Air Force personnel serving outside the
Pacific as to do* so would be gratuitously to supply the enemy with
valuable operational information.
REINFORCEMENTS IN MALAYA.
On 15th December, 1941, Mr. Drakeford said-
Everything possible is being done-to maintain and, if necessary,
reinforce our air strength in the Malayan battle zone. Any action
taken by the Government to supply reinforcements for sectors outside
the sphere of Australian operations is, and will continue to be, consistent
with the protection of vital homie points from which our fighting forces
receive their supplies of war materials and from which flow the commodities
essential to the life of the community."
IMPORTS.
RESTRICTIONS ON STERLING GOODS.
On 6th Decemb * er, 1941, the Minister for Trade and Customs
( Senator Keane) announced the introduction, as from 8th December,
1941, of restrictions on the importation of a wide range of goods from
the United Kingdom and all other countries of the sterling area except
New Zealand and British and French Pacific Islands. Mainly the
goods are regarded as being unnece . ssary during wartime. In the case
of raw cotton and. tobacco leaf it has been found necessary to apply
the import licensing principles to all sterling areas.
HIS HIGHNESS THE RAJAH OF SARAWAK.
Ohi 10th December, 1941, the Minister for External Affairs ( Dr.
Evatt) announced that His Highness the Rajah of Sarawak ( Sir
Charles Vyner Brooke,, had arrived at Brisbane that day.
He had been requested by His Highness that the visit should be
regarded entirely as a private one. In that circumstance, no undue
publicity should be given to the visit.
AIRCRAFT PRODUCTION.
AUSTRALIAN DESIGNED RIVETING GUN.
On 10th December, 1941, the Minister for Air ( Mr. Drakeford)
said that Flight-Sergeant E. A. Lee, of Royal Australian Air Force
Head-quarters, had designed a new and improved type of automatic
riveting gun used in the construction of metal aeroplanes and _ parts
which was being produced by Royal Australian Air Force trainees at
No. 1 Engineering School, Ascot Vale ( Victoria). The Lee riveting
gun was more efficient, easier to handle and much faster in operation
than the imported Chobert gun, and could be made at a fraction of the
cost. It was estimated that the Australian gun could be manufactured
by the Royal Australian Air Force for a few shillings, compared with
approximately œ 4 if produced privately, and œ 50 if imported.
AUSTRALIAN-MADE BOMB RACKS.
On 13th December, 1941, Mr. Drakeford announced that universal
bomb racks, capable of holding all types of bombs used by Royal
Australian Air Force machines, were now being manufactured in
Australia. The Pacific conflict would make it increasingly difficult to
import bomb racks from Britain.
MUNITIONS PRODUCTION.
CHECK ON ENLISTMENTS.
On 11th December, 1941, the Minister for Munitions ( Mr. Makin)
said that conferences -had recently been held between the Prime Minister
( Mr. Curtin), the Minister for the Army ( Mr. Forde) and representatives
of the Amalgamated Engineering Union to establish a more
satisfactory basis for the employment of technicians in munitions
factories, having regard to the essential requirements of the Army. A
review of this question, which was at present proceeding, would check
any wastage or inefficiency in the allotment of skilled workers to the
services. WAR CABINET.
On 11th December, 1941, the Prime Minister ( Mr. Curtin) said-
I have to-day appointed the Minister for War Organization of
Industry ( Mr. Dedman) to be a member of the War Cabinet."
TEXTILE TRADE.
COTTON GOODS " FROZEN
On 11th December, 1941, the Minister for Supply ( Mr. Beasley)
said that because of excessive buying recently, existing stocks of engine
cotton cleaning waste, cotton cloths, stockinette and sundry cleaning
cloths had been frozen from that day. Future sales would be
prohibited to people holding more than one month's supply based on
1940 usage. People with less may buy up to 1 ton or 14 days 1940
usage, whichever was the lesser.
( For earlier references, please see No. 4, page 9.)
VOCATIONAL TRAI NI NG.
REPORT TO CABINET.
On 12th December, 1941, the Minister for Repatriation ( Mr. Frost)
said that the Cabinet sub-committee, comprising the Minister for
Health and Social Services ( Mr. Holloway), the Minister for Labour
( Mr. Ward) and the Minister for Repatriation ( Mr. Frost), recently
appointed to consider proposals regarding general repatriation benefits
for members of the forces would report to Cabinet shortly. Questions
referred for consideration were preference for returned soldiers and
vocational training for those members eligible under the present
Repatriation Act. In view of the changed Pacific situation, the further
question arose as to the scope of the act. At present it provided,
so far as general benefits were concerned, for those ' who enlisted for
service abroad, but events might lead to an amendment of the act to
cover members of the Australian Military Forces enlisted, or called up,
for home defence only.
( For earlier references, please see No. 2, page 10; No. 6, page 6.)
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION.
RUMORS DISCOUNTED.
On 12th December, 1941, the Minister for Information ( Senator
Ashley) appealed to the public to take no notice of rumors and to regard
only official statements as authoritative. These would be issued as early
as possible, and as frequently as was thought necessary. The Government's
considered policy was promptly to release news which affected
the operations of the forces whether it was good or bad.
RELATIONS WITH AMERICA.
DEMAND FOR AUSTRALIAN NEWS.
On 12th December, 1941, the Minister for Information ( Senator
Ashley) said that one of the results of the new Pacific situation was the
tremendous increase of American interest in Australia. The Department
of Information was doing everything possible to meet this new
demand for news and information from Australia. In particular, the
broadcasting division was transmitting on short-wave each evening to
America a ten-minute news bulletin.
( For earlier references, please see No. 3, page 13.)
PRICES.
FIRM DECLARED
On 12th December, 1941, the Minister for Customs ( Senator Keane)
said that all services performed by the Parisian Laundry Proprietary
Limited, 118-120 Oxford-street, Woollahra ( New South Wales), had
been brought under strict price control by a declaration. Action had
been taken because the firm increased the prices charged on a large
section of its business after it had been advised by the New South
Wales Deputy Prices Commissioner that it would be necessary to make
application and justify any increases before putting them into effect.
All firms should realize that instructions from Deputy Prices Commissioners
should be strictly followed or immediate steps be taken by
the trader concerned to discuss any difficulties with the Deputy Prices
Commissioner. ( For earlier references, please see No. 6, page 14; No. 7, pages 21-22; No. 9,
page 3.)
SOCIAL SECURITY.
PENSIONERS IN EMPLOYMENT.
On 12th December, 1941, the Minister for Social Services ( Mr.
Holloway) said-
Any old-age penlsioner who enters employment should immediately
inform the Deputy Commissioner of Pensions at the capital city in
which he resides. By so doing, overpayments of pensions may be prevented
and the difficulties invariably attendant upon refunds will be
obviated. If the work proved beyond the pensioner's capacity or ceases
for any other reason, no difficulties will be raised in restoring pension
payments from an appropriate date."
BARLEY POOL.
1941-42 CROP FIRST ADVANCE.
On 15th December, 1941, the Minister for Commerce ( Mr. Scully)
said that the Government ' had approved of advances totalling about
œ 1,000,000 to barley-growers as the first advance to be made on barley
of the 1941-42 crop. The money would be made available by the
Commonwealth Bank, which would also provide œ. 700,000 for expenses
incurred iii the administration of the pool. All advances were less
an average freight of 34d. a bushel. The Australian Barley Fool Board
was conferring with the Commronwealth Bank regarding machinery
measures necessary for payment. It was anticipated that these
arrangements would be completed to enable payment to be made
towards the end of this month. Production this year had been a record
and, in view of the serious limitation of export, it was estimated that a
substantial loss would result from this year's pool.
( For earlier references, please see No. 4, page 13.)
OWEN SUB-MACHINE GUN.
NUMBER MANUFACTURED.
On 16th December, 1941, the Minister for the Army ( Mr. Forde)
said-A substantial number of Owen guns have already been manufactured.
I have received a photograph showing a long line of these
new sub-machine guns."
( For earlier references, please see No. 8, page 13.)
WAR WITH FINLAND, HUNGARY, RUMANIA.
PROCLAMATION.
Commonwealth of By Es Excellency the G-overnor-4leneral
Australia to wit, in and-over the Commonwealth of
Gowaia Australia.
Governor-General.
jALEXANDER GORE A. RKWRIGILT, BA-RON G-OWRIE, the
Governor-General aforesaid, acting with the advice of the Federal
Executive Council and in the exercise of all powers me thereunto
enabling, do hereby declare and proclaim that a state of war with the
Republic of Finland, the Kingdom of Hungary and the Kingdom of
Rumania exists and-has existed in the Commonwealth of Australia and
its Territories as from the eighth day of December, One thousand nine
hundred and forty-one at five o'clock in the a-fternoon reckoned
according to the standard time in the Australian -Capital Territory:
OF ALL WHICH His Majesty's loving subjects and all others
whom these Presents may concern are hereby required to take notice
and to govern themselves accordingly.
Given under my Hand and the Seal of the Commonwealth of
Australia this eighth day of December in the year of our
Lord One thousand nine hundred and forty-one and in the
fifth year of His Majesty's reign.
By His Excellency's Command, JOEHN OURTIN Prime Minister.
GOD SAVE THlE KING!
WAR WITH JAPAN.
PRIME MINISTER'S STATEMENT.
( On 7th December, 1941, Japan attacked United States territory.)
On 8th December, 1941, the Prime Minister ( Mr. Curtin) said-
" The thread by which peace was hanging has -been snapped,
notwithstanding all the discussions and negotiations which the~
democracies persisted with in the hope that peace would be maintained.
Japan has gonc -to war and it is necessary to point out that, prior tc
formal declaration of war, Japan wantonly assailed British and United
States interests and places.
For weeks past, peace in the Pacific has been hanging by a thread.
The question was: Would Japan snap the thread? For no other
country which could have made war in the Pacific desired war. Since
February of. this year the problem of the Pacific has been one of
constant anxiety to the Government of Australia and to the governments
of the democracies.
Hit without warning brings its own retaliation. Men and women
of Australia: The stern truth is that Japan commenced. a war in the
Pacific in which our security and our vital int-. ests are at stake. I ask
the people of Australia to give the best that they can in the service of
this country. The fighting forces are a t battle stations. Every otheir
man and woman should be at some place of usefulness.
" The Australian Government has taken immediate steps this
morning, according to plan, to do everything necessary. for the defence
of Australian, British and United States interests. Thb Service
Ministers and the Service Chiefs have acted promptly, as have other
departments connected with internal Security. No time was lost
from the moment, early this morning when the news was received, in
taking all necessary measures.
This is the gravest hour of our history. We have a heavy
responsibility. I ask every Australian, man -and woman, to go about
their allotted task with full vigor and courage."~
PROCLAMATION.
Commonwealth of By This Excellency the Governor-General
Australia to wit. in and-over the Commonwealth of
Gowuni Australia.
Governor-General.
IALEXANDER GORE ARKWRIGHT, BARON GOWRIE, the
SGovernor-General aforesaid, acting with the advice of the Federal
Executive Council and in the exercise of all poweirs me thereunto
enabling, do hereby decla-re and proclaim that a state of war with the
Japanese Empire exists and has existed in the -Commonwealth of
Australia . and its Territories as from the eighth day of December, One
thousand nine hundred and forty-one at five o'clock in the afternoon
reckoned -according to the standard time in the Australian Capital
Territory: OF ALL WHICH His Majesty's loving subjects and all others
whom these P-resents may concern are hereby required to take notice
and to govern themselves accordingly.
Given under my Hand and the Seal -of the Commonwealth of
Australia this ninth day of December in the year of Our
Lord One thousand nine hundred -and forty-one and in the
-fifth year of His Majesty's reign.
By His Excellency's Command, JOHN OCURTIN Prime Minister.
GOD SAVE THE KNI
NATIONAL BROADCAST BY PRIME MINISTER.
On 8th December, 1941, in a national broadcast, Mr. Curtin said:
Men and women of Australia,,
We are at war with Japan. That has happened because, in the
first instance, Japanese naval and air forces launched an unprovoked
attack on British and United States territory; because our vital
interests are imperilled and because the rights of free people in the
whole Pacific are assailed. As a result, the Australian Government
this afternoon took the necessary steps which will mean that a
state of war exists between Australia and Japan. To-morrow, in
common with the United Kingdom, the United States and the Netherlands
East Indies Governments, the Australian Government will
formally and solemnly declare the state of war it has striven so sincerely
and strenuously to avoid.
Throughout the whole affair, and despite discouragement, the
Australian Government and its representatives abroad struggled hard
to prevent a breakdown of discussions. Australia encouraged the
United States to retain the diplomatic initiative on behalf of the
democratic Powers. We did not want war in the Pacific. The
Australian Government has repeatedly made it clear-as have the
Governments of the United Kingdom, the United States and the
Netherlands East Indies-that if war came to the Pacific it. would be
of Japan's making. Japan has now made war.
" I point out that the hands of the democracies are clean. The
discussions and negotiations which have taken place between Japan
and the democracies were not merely empty bandying of words on
the democracies' part. Since last February it has been the constant
aim and endeavour of the democracies to keep peace in the Pacific.
It has been a problem fraught with grave difficulties but, in the
view of the democracies, it was a problem that was capable of being
overcome. Accordingly, the best brains of the democracies were
brought to bear on the problem. It will stand on record that the
President of the United States himself, the American Secretary of
State ( Mr. Cordell Hull), the British and the Dominion Governments
worked untiringly and unceasingly. Yet, when the President of the
United States had decided to communicate direct to the Japanese
Emperor a personal appeal for Imperial intervention on the side
of peace, the war Government of Japan struck. That war Government,
set on aggression and lusting for power in the . same fashion
as its Axis partners, anticipated thie undoubted weight of the
President's plea and shattered the century-old friendship between
the two countries.
For the first time in the history of the Pacific, armed conflict
stalks abroad. No other country but Japan desired war in the
Pacific. The guilt for plunging this hemisphere into actual warfare is,
therefore, upon Japan. The recapitulation of events I have given you
is necessary so that we in Australia may correctly assess the issues
involved. The stern truth is that war has been forced upon us, not
because of stubborn resistance on the part of the democracies to every
demand that Japan made, but because Japan chose the method of
armed might to settle differences which every other country involved
was ready and willing to settle by negotiation and arbitration. Japan,
by so doing, chose the Hitler method. While its diplomatic representatives
were actually at the White House; while all the democratic
Powers regarded the conversations as continuing; Japan ignored the
convention of a formal declaration of war and struck like an assassasin
in the night.
For, as the dawn broke this morning, at places as far apart as
Honolulu, Nauru, Ocean Island, Guam, Singapore' and British Malaya,
guns from Japanese warships; bombs from Japanese aircraft; shots
from Japanese military forces struck death to United States citizens
and members of its defence forces; to the peaceful subjects of Great
Britain and to her men on ships and on the land. The Pacific Ocean
was reddened with the blood of Japanese victims. These wanton
killings will be followed by attacks on the Netherlands East Indies;
on the Commonwealth of Australia; on the Dominion of New Zealand;
if Japan can get its brutal way.
Australia, therefore, being a nation that believes in a way of
life whichb has freedom and liberty as its corner stones goes to the
battle stations in defence of the free way of living. Our course is
clear, our cause is just-as has been the case ever since September,
1939, when we stood in the path of IHitlerism and declared that we
would stand out to the end against ruthless an ' d wanton aggression.
I say, then, to the people of Australia: Give of your best in the
service of the nation. There is a place and part for all of us. Each
must take his or her place in the service of the nation, for the nation
itself is in peril. This is our darkest hour. Let that be fully realized.
Our efforts in the -past two years must be as nothing compared with
the efforts we must now put forward.
" I can give you the assurance that the Australian Government is
fully prepared. It has ' been in readiness for whatever eventuality, and
last Friday the initial steps were taken and fully car. ried out. From
early this morning the Service Ministers of the Cabinet and the Chiefs
of the fighting Services have done everything that has to -be done by
them. The War Cabinet met and put into effect the plan devised for
our protection. This afternoon, the full Cabinet met and I am able
to announce to you prompt decisions on a : wide variety of mattersall
of them vital to the new war organization that confronts us.
All leave for members of the fighting Forces has been cancelled.
An extension of the present partial mobilization of Navy, Army and
Air Forces is being prepared. The Minister for Home Security will,
to-morrow, confer with Army authorities on air' raid precautions.
Regulations will be issued to prohibit the consumption of petrol for
purposes of pleasure. A conference will. be held ' by the Minister for
Supply, with oil companies on ' the storage of fuel and the security of
that storage. Arrangements will be made for all work on services that
are essential nationally to be continued on public holidays in future,
while, in this connexion, all transport services will be concentrated
upon necessary purposes. The Minister for Labour will leave for
Darwin immediately to organize the labour supply there. An
examination will . be made to ascertain what retail establishments
should continue to trade after 6 p. m.-so, as to conserve light, coal,
transport services.
" These are some of the things decided upon quickly, but in no
atmosphere of panic. There are other things that the Government
has done. These, by their nature, are secret. But, in total, what has
been done to-day adds up to complete provision for the safety of the
nation. " Tb-morrow, the War Cabinet will meet again, as will the Australian
War -Council, when the Leader of the Opposition and his
colleagues will -be fully appraised of every phase of the position. The
Parliament of the -Commonwealth will assemble on Tuesday of next
week. " One thing remains, and on it depends our very lives. That thing
is the co-operation, the strength, and the will-power of you, the people.
Without it we are, indeed, lost. Men and women of Australia: The
call is to you, for your courage; your physical and mental ability; your
inflexible determination that we, as a nation of free people, shall
survive. My appeal to you is in the name of Australia, for Australia
is the stake in this conflict. The thread of peace has snapped-only
the valour of our fighting Forces, hacked by the very uttermost of
which we are capable in factory and workshop, can knit that thread
again into security'. -Let there be no idle hand. The road of service
is ahead. Let us all tread it firmly, victoriously.
We here, in this spacious land where, for more than 150 years,
peace and security have prevailed, are now called upon to meet the
external aggressor. -The enemy presses from without. I have said
that our forces! are at their battle stations. They are not alone. lIt
is true that Japan is not alone. But, as I speak to you to-night, the
United States; Great Britain and her colonies and dominions, which
include the Commonwealth of Australia -and the Dominion of New
Zealand; the great federation of Russian republics; the Netherlands
East Indies and. China, are associated in the common cause of prcserving
for free men and free women not only their inheritance, but
every hope they have of decency and dignity and liberty.
We Australians have imperishable traditions. We shall maintain
them. We shall vindicate them. We shall hold this country and
keep it as a citadel for the British-speaking race and as a place where
civilization will-persist.
" Men and women of Australia: It is my duty to sound a toosin t
I proclaim a call unto you. I do it in the words of Swinhurne--
"' Come -forth, be born and live,.
Thou that hast help to give,
And light to mnake man's day of manhood fair,
With flight outfiying the sphered sun,
Hasten thine hour
And halt not till thy work ' be done.'"
STATE OF WAR.
On 9th December, 1941, the Minister for External Affairs ( Dr.
Evatt) said-
" Instructions have been sent to the Charge d'Affaires ( Mr. Officer),
Australian Legation, Tokio, to inform the Imperial Japanese Government
that a state of war exists and has existed between His Majesty's
Government in the Commonwealth of Australia and the Imperial
Japanese Government, as from 5 o'clock in the afternoon, 8th December,
1941. I have also received a formal call this afternoon from the
Japanese Minister to Australia ( Mr. Kawal) and have submitted to
him a communication which related the notification which has been
sent to the Imperial Japanese Government."
MESSAGE TO THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
On 12th December, 1941, the Minister for External Affairs ( Dr.
Evatt), in communicating formally to the United States Government
the declaration of war by the Commonwealth of Australia against
Japan, conveyed the following message to President Roosevelt on
behalf of the Prime Minister ( Mr. Curtin) and the Commonwealth
Government. I desire to express our profound appreciation of the initiative,
courage and patience displayed by the President and Secretary of State
in their endeavours to prevent war in the Pacific and in their objective
of outlawing force as on instrument of national policy.
" For the time being the attempt to maintain Pacific peace oii a
basis of law and justice has been checked by the sudden and treacherous
attack of the Japanese forces while diplomiatic negotiations were
actually proceeding. The Commonwealth is hionoured to be associated
with the United States in resisting the aggressors until they are finally
overthrown and until the principles for which the President has so
frequently declared are established, not only in the Pacific, but everywhere
in the world."
In reply, President Roosevelt sent the following message to Dr.
Evstt, to be conveyed to Mr. Cumtin:
" Please send my best wishes to the Government and the people of
Australia. We did our utmost to keep the peace in the Pacific but
our enemies had decided on aggression beforehand. This is now a
world war in the true secse. We are in it wvith you and you will not
find uts wanting. I need not tell the Australians to keep a stout heart.
I know that you will. We will win."
PARLIAMENT APPROVES.
On 16th December, 1941, the House of Representatives, on the
motion of Mr. Curtin, and the Senate, on the motion of the Minister
for the Interior ( Senator Collings), approved the following resolution
unanimously. " That this House approves of the action of His Majesty's Government
in the Commonwealth in ha * g advised the issue of proclamations
declaring the existence of a state f~ war with Japan, Finland, Hungary
and Rumania. Further, this Ho se hereby pledges itself to take every
step deemed necessary to defend this Commonwealth and its territories,
to carry on hostilities in association -with our allies, and to achieve
final victory over our enemies."~
WHEAT POOLS PAYMENTS.
1941-42 CROP FIRST ADVANCE.
On 15th December, 1941, the Minister for Commerce Scully)
said that the Government had approved of the first advance on wheat
of the 1941-42 crop at the rate of 3s. a bushel, less freight, for bagged
wheat, and 2s. 10d. a bushel, less freight, for bulk wheat. This would
involve œ 21,000,000. The Government had arranged with the Commonwealth
Bank for the provision of the necessary funds. The Australian
Wheat Board was conferring with the Commonwealth Bank regarding
the machinery measures necessary for payment and it was anticipated
that these arrangements would he completed to enable payment to be
made towards the end of this month. About 142,000,000 bushels would
be acquired this season, of which 80,000,000 bushels would be bulk
and 62,000,000 bushels bagged. The crop was the first to feel the
real impact of war. Market prospects were not good, the only certain
outlet during the next twelve months being that for 32,000,000 bushels
which would be required in Australia. Because it appeared that a
second advance from sales would not be justified for a considerable
period the Government had fixed the initial advance at the utmost that
could be paid.
( For earlier references, please see No. 3, page 11; No. 4, page 13, No. 6, page
By Author~ ty L F. JOHNSTON. Corrnion wenlIth GovernMent Printer. Cunberr